l
expenditures of $NA (1993 est.)
Exports:
$48.2 billion (f.o.b., 1991)
commodities:
petroleum and petroleum products 92%
partners:
US 21%, Japan 18%, Singapore 6%, France 6%, Korea 5%
Imports:
$26.1 billion (f.o.b., 1991)
commodities:
food stuffs, manufactured goods, transportation equipment, chemical
products, textiles
partners:
US 21%, UK 13%, Japan 12%, Germany 8%, France 6%
External debt:
$18.9 billion (December 1989 est.)
Industrial production:
growth rate -1.1% (1989 est.); accounts for 37% of GDP, including petroleum
Electricity:
28,554,000 kW capacity; 63,000 million kWh produced, 3,690 kWh per capita
(1992)
Industries:
crude oil production, petroleum refining, basic petrochemicals, cement, two
small steel-rolling mills, construction, fertilizer, plastics
Agriculture:
accounts for about 10% of GDP, 16% of labor force; subsidized by government;
products - wheat, barley, tomatoes, melons, dates, citrus fruit, mutton,
chickens, eggs, milk; approaching self-sufficiency in food
Illicit drugs:
death penalty for traffickers
Economic aid:
donor - pledged $64.7 billion in bilateral aid (1979-89)
Currency:
1 Saudi riyal (SR) = 100 halalas
Exchange rates:
Saudi riyals (SR) per US$1 - 3.7450 (fixed rate since late 1986), 3.7033
(1986)

*Saudi Arabia, Economy

Fiscal year:
calendar year

*Saudi Arabia, Communications

Railroads:
1390 km 1.435-meter standard gauge; 448 km are double tracked
Highways:
74,000 km total; 35,000 km paved, 39,000 km gravel and improved earth
Pipelines:
crude oil 6,400 km, petroleum products 150 km, natural gas 2,200 km,
includes natural gas liquids 1,600 km
Ports:
Jiddah, Ad Dammam, Ras Tanura, Jizan, Al Jubayl, Yanbu al Bahr, Yanbu al
Sinaiyah
Merchant marine:
77 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 860,818 GRT/1,219,345 DWT; includes 1
passenger, 6 short-sea passenger, 11 cargo, 13 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 3
container, 6 refrigerated cargo, 5 livestock carrier, 23 oil tanker, 6
chemical tanker, 1 liquefied gas, 1 specialized tanker, 1 bulk
Airports:
total:
213
usable:
193
with permanent-surface runways:
71
with runways over 3,659 m:
14
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
36
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
107
Telecommunications:
modern system with extensive microwave and coaxial and fiber optic cable
systems; 1,624,000 telephones; broadcast stations - 43 AM, 13 FM, 80 TV;
microw