s."--Let. 56.

"The king has been advised to make a public
surrender, a solemn sacrifice in the face of all
Europe, not only of the interest of his subjects,
but of his own personal reputation, and of the
dignity of that crown which his predecessors have
worn with honor. These are strong terms, sir, but
they are supported by fact and argument."--Let.
42.

In the last parallel above, it will be noticed, the strong terms were
called forth by a sacrifice of _national honor_ with Great Britain, and
a prospect of it in the United States. I call attention to this in this
place to save repetition of proofs, showing that proud spirit of
personal honor so prominent in Paine and Junius, and from which they
both say: national honor is governed by the same rules as personal
honor. I now pass to notice the most prominent mental characteristics.

MENTAL CHARACTERISTICS.

If the reader will carry forward in his mind what I have already said on
style and the object for which Mr. Paine and Junius wrote, it will
greatly aid me in reducing the size of this book. I shall act on the
principle of this suggestion, and while I give new matter upon new
subjects, the reader will find the parallels greatly strengthened by
what has already been said. The reader will also apply the facts already
brought forward to the passages I shall hereafter present, so that, like
a two-edged sword, it may be made to cut both ways. And first of
_avarice_ and the _miser_:

_Paine._

"Could I find a miser whose heart never felt the
emotion of a spark of principle, even that man,
uninfluenced by every love but the love of money,
and capable of no attachment but to his interest,
would and must, from the frugality which governs
him, contribute to the defense of the country, or
he ceases to be a miser and becomes an idiot."

_Junius._

"Of all the vices avarice is most apt to taint and
corrupt the heart."--Let. 27.

"As for the common _sordid views_ of avarice,"
etc.--Let. 53.

"The miser himself seldom lives to enjoy the
fruits of his _extortion_."--Let. 20, note.

"Every passion that acts upon mankind has a
peculiar mode of operation. Many of them are
temporary and fluctuating;