quid petroleum gas 22 km; oil 1,284 km (2006)

Roadways:
total: 71,300 km
paved: 6,200 km
unpaved: 65,100 km (2005)

Merchant marine:
total: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 15,400 GRT/18,072 DWT
by type: cargo 1, chemical tanker 1, petroleum tanker 1, roll
on/roll off 1
registered in other countries: 9 (Bolivia 1, Cambodia 3, North Korea
2, Panama 3) (2006)

Ports and terminals:
Aden, Nishtun

Military Yemen

Military branches:
Army (includes Special Forces), Navy (includes Marines), Unified
Yemen Air Force (includes Air Defense Force) (2006)

Military service age and obligation:
in May 2001, Yemen's National Defense Council abolished compulsory
military service and authorized a voluntary program for military
service (2004)

Manpower available for military service:
males age 18-49: 4,058,223
females age 18-49: 3,868,112 (2005 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:
males age 18-49: 2,790,705
females age 18-49: 2,792,406 (2005 est.)

Manpower reaching military service age annually:
males age 18-49: 236,517
females age 18-49: 230,641 (2005 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure:
$992.2 million (2005 est.)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
6.4% (2005 est.)

Military - note:
a Coast Guard was established in 2002

Transnational Issues Yemen

Disputes - international:
Yemen protests Eritrea fishing around the Hanish Islands awarded to
Yemen by the ICJ in 1999; Saudi Arabia still maintains the
concrete-filled pipe as a security barrier along sections of the
border with Yemen in 2004 to stem illegal cross-border activities;
Yemen protests Saudi erection of a concrete-filled pipe as a
security barrier in 2004 to stem illegal cross-border activities in
sections of the boundary

Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): 78,582 (Somalia) (2006)

This page was last updated on 8 February, 2007

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@Zambia

Introduction Zambia

Background:
The territory of Northern Rhodesia was administered by the
[British] South Africa Company from 1891 until it was taken over by
the UK in 1923. During the 1920s and 1930s, advances in mining
spurred development and immigration. The name was changed to Zambia
upon independence in 1964. In the 1980s and 1990s, declining copper
prices and a prolonged drought hur