total: 94,890 km
paved: 19,073 km
unpaved: 75,817 km (2004)

Waterways:
900 km (not economically significant) (2005)

Merchant marine:
total: 108 ships (1000 GRT or over) 386,603 GRT/563,506 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 8, cargo 93, container 1, livestock carrier 4,
petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1
foreign-owned: 11 (Lebanon 7, Romania 3, UAE 1)
registered in other countries: 130 (Cambodia 20, Comoros 4, Cyprus
3, Dominica 1, Georgia 43, Hong Kong 1, North Korea 14, Lebanon 1,
Malta 7, Mongolia 1, Panama 18, Saint Kitts and Nevis 3, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines 6, Sierra Leone 1, Slovakia 2, unknown 5)
(2006)

Ports and terminals:
Baniyas, Latakia

Military Syria

Military branches:
Syrian Armed Forces: Syrian Arab Army (includes Syrian Arab Navy),
Syrian Arab Air and Air Defense Force (includes Air Defense Command)
(2005)

Military service age and obligation:
18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service
obligation - 30 months (18 months in the Syrian Arab Navy); women
are not conscripted but may volunteer to serve (2004)

Manpower available for military service:
males age 18-49: 4,356,413
females age 18-49: 4,123,339 (2005 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:
males age 18-49: 3,453,888
females age 18-49: 3,421,558 (2005 est.)

Manpower reaching military service age annually:
males age 18-49: 225,113
females age 18-49: 211,829 (2005 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure:
$858 million (FY00 est.); note - based on official budget data that
may understate actual spending

Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
5.9% (FY00)

Transnational Issues Syria

Disputes - international:
Golan Heights is Israeli-occupied with the almost 1,000-strong UN
Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) patrolling a buffer zone since
1964; lacking a treaty or other documentation describing the
boundary, portions of the Lebanon-Syria boundary are unclear with
several sections in dispute; since 2000, Lebanon has claimed Shaba'a
farms in the Golan Heights; 2004 Agreement and pending demarcation
settles border dispute with Jordan; approximately two million Iraqis
have fled the conflict in Iraq, with the majority taking refuge in
Syria and Jordan

Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): 600,000 (Iraq), 434,896 (Palestinian
Refugees (UNRWA))
IDPs: 305,000 (most disp