the coolness, the disinterestedness, the
unhesitating honesty which characterize the leading scientists of the
day in other fields of inquiry. Such are the speakers and writers they
should invite to their assistance. Instead of wasting their breath in
expressions of self-admiration, in threadbare platitudes about the
nobility and rights of labor, in appeals to the omnipresent politician,
in complaints against labor-saving machinery, in talk about the
Eight-Hour law, it would be more encouraging if they would try to
supplant foreign workmen by simply excelling them in workmanship, and
try to find employment by the creation of new industries. Higher
education in industrial art is the stepping-stone to this.

As the depression is the result of a combination of causes, it is not
probable that a panacea exists. Complete restoration will come from
several remedies, each having its due effect in its own time and place.
But perhaps the most potent of all, one indispensable to thorough and
lasting prosperity, is thus revealed by General Birney:

"Although the United States has not hitherto directed her attention to
art, her manifest destiny is to do so. The necessity of events will
compel it. We have entered upon a long peace, in which we shall have to
compete with civilized nations for the supply of the markets of the
world. A population of forty millions cannot exist in comfort when they
sell to the world nothing but agricultural implements, sewing-machines,
revolvers, clocks, corn, cheese and cheap cottons, and buy everything
else from it. The end of that course must be national ruin.

"For self-preservation, we must manufacture: we must have skilled labor.
The rapid increase of scientific knowledge makes art a necessity. As
science throws men out of employ, art must provide employment. The
scientist and artist must walk hand in hand. The invention of
labor-saving machinery for the farmer, enabling one man to do the work
which formerly required ten, is rapidly driving men from the country to
the cities. The invention of other machinery is rapidly throwing large
numbers of workmen out of employ. Political causes are adding to this
evil. How to put the unemployed millions to work is the problem of the
day. The salvation of the country depends upon its solution. The nation
stands before each public man demanding that he shall read the riddle or
be destroyed.

"One of the helps to a solution, if not a solution, is the introdu