artners: US 40%, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, Canada
Debt-external: $26.5 billion (1996)
Economic aid:
recipient: ODA, $46 million (1993)
Currency: 1 bolivar (Bs) = 100 centimos
Exchange rates: bolivares (Bs) per US$1-507.447 (January 1998),
488.635 (1997), 417.333 (1996), 176.843 (1995), 148.503 (1994), 90.826
(1993)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications
Telephones: 1.44 million (1987 est.)
Telephone system: modern and expanding
domestic: domestic satellite system with 3 earth stations
international: 3 submarine coaxial cables; satellite earth station-1
Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 181, FM 0, shortwave 26
Radios: 9.04 million (1992 est.)
Television broadcast stations: 59
Televisions: 3.3 million (1992 est.)
@Venezuela:Transportation
Railways:
total: 584 km (336 km single track; 248 km privately owned)
standard gauge: 584 km 1.435-m gauge
Highways:
total: 84,300 km
paved: 33,214 km
unpaved: 51,086 km (1996 est.)
Waterways: 7,100 km; Rio Orinoco and Lago de Maracaibo accept
oceangoing vessels
Pipelines: crude oil 6,370 km; petroleum products 480 km; natural gas
4,010 km
Ports and harbors: Amuay, Bajo Grande, El Tablazo, La Guaira, La
Salina, Maracaibo, Matanzas, Palua, Puerto Cabello, Puerto la Cruz,
Puerto Ordaz, Puerto Sucre, Punta Cardon
Merchant marine:
total: 28 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 526,832 GRT/933,135 DWT
ships by type: bulk 4, cargo 5, combination bulk 1, container 1,
liquefied gas tanker 2, oil tanker 9, passenger-cargo 1,
roll-on/roll-off cargo 4, short-sea passenger 1 (1997 est.)
Airports: 377 (1997 est.)
Airports-with paved runways:
total: 126
over 3,047 m: 5
2,438 to 3,047 m: 10
1,524 to 2,437 m: 35
914 to 1,523 m: 61
under 914 m: 15 (1997 est.)
Airports-with unpaved runways:
total: 251
1,524 to 2,437 m: 8
914 to 1,523 m: 96
under 914 m: 147 (1997 est.)
@Venezuela:Military
Military branches: National Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas Nacionales
or FAN) includes Ground Forces or Army (Fuerzas Terrestres or
Ejercito), Naval Forces (Fuerzas Navales or Armada), Air Force
(Fuerzas Aereas or Aviacion), Armed Forces of Cooperation or National
Guard (Fuerzas Armadas de Cooperacion or Guardia Nacional)
Military manpower-military age: 18 years of age
Military manpower-availability:
males age 15-49: 6,134,691 (1998 est.)
Military manpower-fit for military service:
males: 4,429,265 (1998 est.)
Militar
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