ies;
solved questions.

CHAPTER II

HISTORY AND THE DOCUMENTS. History--Legends--History in general--Great
divisions of history--Ancient history--Modern history--The Middle
Ages.

SOURCES FOR THE HISTORY OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS.
Books--Monuments--Inscriptions--Languages--Lacunae.

RACES AND PEOPLES. Anthropology--The races--Civilized peoples--Aryans
and Semites.

CHAPTER III

THE EGYPTIANS. Egypt--The country--The Nile--Fertility of the soil--The
accounts of Herodotus--Champollion--Egyptologists--Discoveries.

THE EGYPTIAN EMPIRE. Antiquity of the Egyptian people--Memphis and the
pyramids--Egyptian civilization--Thebes--The Pharaoh--The
subjects--Despotism--Isolation of the Egyptians.

RELIGION OF THE EGYPTIANS. The gods--Osiris--Ammon-ra--Gods with animal
heads--Sacred animals--The bull Apis--Worship of the dead--Judgment
of the soul--Mummies--Book of the Dead--The arts--Industry--
Architecture--Tombs--Temples--Sculpture--Painting--Literature--
Destinies of the Egyptian civilization.

CHAPTER IV

THE ASSYRIANS AND BABYLONIANS. Chaldea--The land--The people--The
cities.

THE ASSYRIANS--Assyria--Origins--Ancient accounts--Modern discoveries--
Inscriptions on bricks--Cuneiform writing--The Assyrian people--The
king--Fall of the Assyrian Empire.

THE BABYLONIANS. The second Chaldean empire--Babylon--The Tower of
Babylon.

CUSTOMS AND RELIGION. Customs--Religion--The gods--Astrology--
Sorcery--The sciences.

THE ARTS. Architecture--Palaces--Sculpture.

CHAPTER V

THE ARYANS OF INDIA. The Aryans--Aryan languages--The Aryan people.

PRIMITIVE RELIGION OF THE HINDOOS. The Aryans on the Indus--The
Vedas--The gods--Indra--Agni--The cult--Worship of ancestors.

BRAHMANIC SOCIETY. The Hindoos on the Ganges--Castes--The Impure--The
Brahmans--The new religion of Brahma--Transmigration of souls--
Character of this religion--The rites--Purity--Penances--The monks.

BUDDHISM. Buddha--Nirvana--Charity--Fraternity--Tolerance--Later
history of Buddhism--Changes in Buddhism--Buddha transformed into a
god--Mechanical prayer--Amelioration of manners.

CHAPTER VI

THE PERSIANS. The religion of Zoroaster--Iran--The Iranians--
Zoroaster--The Zend-Avesta--Ormuzd and Ahriman--Angels and demons--
Creatures of Ormuzd and Ahriman--The cult--Morality--Funerals--
Destiny of the soul--Character of Mazdeism.

THE