net time, to Troy;
and her 8 days 13 hours, to New York, to 5 days 17 hours.

Second trip down was from Buffalo to Waterford, when she was longer upon
the canal than on her first trip of over 7 days.

Third trip down, left Buffalo Nov. 9th, and arrived at Troy 15th, and New
York 17th, or over 6 days to Troy, and 8-1/4 to New York, with 5/6 horse
cargo. This canal trip was during the horse epidemic, and the large number
of boats laid up made it very favorable for steam.

But the _Baxter's times_ have been developed by a model which would require
_one-third of a common boat to be rebuilt_--one-sixth at the bow and
one-sixth at the stern--it is, therefore, proper to state, that if we put
her machinery and steam capabilities into a common boat--and the seven
thousand such boats cannot be dispensed with--it would be _very slow_, as
her speed would be reduced by three causes:

1st. Because of an increased velocity of bow displacement at a reduced
speed of boat.

2d. Because of an increased velocity of stern replacement, at a reduced
speed of boat, against the mechanical or counteracting propelling currents.

3d. Because the percentage of wasted power is increased, and of utilized is
diminished, by greater resistance to motion.

The _Wm. Newman_ left New York Oct. 30th, and arrived at Buffalo Nov. 7, in
8 days, with 120 tons of freight.

RELATIONS OF TIME--TWELVE YEARS AGO AND NOW.

The _Wack's_ through time from Buffalo to West Troy, with boat in tow, is
the same as the _Baxter's_ average without tow.

The _Ruggles'_ net time, from Buffalo to New York, with boat in tow, is
only 21 hours in excess of the _Baxter's_ shortest net time without tow.

The through times of the _Eclipse_ and _Gold Hunter_, from Buffalo to West
Troy, without tow, are just equal to the _Baxter's_ first and second trips.

The _Rotary's_ through time up, with half freight, is nearly one day less
than the _Byron's_, _Baxter's_ or _Newman's_ shortest through time. Her net
time is 17 hours less than the _Baxter's_ shortest net time.

The net time of the tugs, each with three boats in tow, is nearly equal to
the _Baxter's_ without tow, from Buffalo to West Troy.

Therefore, by this comparison of times, the one day extra allowed for the
greater steam resources of the former era with a boat in tow, is ample; and
the policy of that era is plainly more economical for freight than that of
the past two years.

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