Death of Giovanni delle Bande Nere
1527 Ippolito and Alessandro left Florence
1528 Machiavelli died
1529-30 Siege of Florence
1530 Capitulation of Florence
1531 Alessandro de' Medici declared Head of Republic
1537 Cosimo de' Medici made Ruler of Florence
Battle of Montemurlo
Lorenzino assassinated
in Venice
1539 Cosimo married Eleanor di Toledo and moved
to Palazzo Vecchio
1553 Cosimo occupied the Pitti Palace
1564 Galileo Galilei born

Popes.

Boniface VIII
1303 Benedict XI
1305 Clement V
1316 John XXII
1334 Benedict XII
1337 Boniface VIII
1342 Clement VI
1352 Innocent VI
1362 Urban V
1370 Gregory XI
1378 Urban VI
1389 Boniface IX
1404 Innocent VII
1406 Gregory XII
1409 Alex. V
1410 John XXIII
1417 Martin V
1431 Eugenius IV
1447 Nicolas V
1455 Calixtus III
1458 Pius II
1464 Paul II
1471 Sixtus IV
1484 Innocent VIII
1492 Alex. VI
1503 Pius III
Julius II
1513 Leo X
1522 Hadrian VI
1523 Clement VII
1534 Paul III
1550 Julius III
1555 Marcellus II
Paul IV
1559 Pius IV

French Kings.

Philip IV
1314 Louis X
1316 John I
Philip V
1322 Charles IV
1328 Philip VI
Philip
1350 John II
1364 Charles V
1380 Charles VI
1422 Charles VII
1461 Louis XI
1483 Charles VIII
1498 Louis XII
1515 Francis I
1547 Henry II
1559 Francis II
1560 Charles IX

English Kings.

Edward I
1307 Edward II
1327 Edward III
1377 Richard II
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