ctually a part of the Natal Code, the effect of this
amendment may be seen.

TRANSVAAL AND THE ORANGE FREE STATE

The two republics founded by the Boers have at least the virtue of
frankness in their make-up; for, without the circumlocution of their
neighbors in Natal, they flatly and expressly withhold from the native
all rights of citizenship. The following extracts from Transvaal law
are sufficient evidence of this fact:

From the Grondwet (or Constitution) of Transvaal (February, 1858):

"9. The people desire to permit no equality between coloured and
white inhabitants, _either in church or state_.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

"31. ... No coloured person or half-castes shall be admitted to
our meetings."

From a law of June 12, 1876:

"No person not regarded as belonging to the white population of
the South African Republic shall be enrolled as a burgher
possessing the franchise according to Article 9 of the
Grondwet."[8]

A resolution of the Volksraad, June 18, 1885, runs thus:

"159. When a male person has been recognized as a burgher of this
Republic, his wife shall thereby also be recognized and remain a
burgheress of this Republic.

"_All coloured people are excluded from this provision_, and (in
accordance with the Grondwet) they may never be given or granted
rights of burghership...."

So much for Transvaal. The Constitution of the Orange Free State,
adopted April 10, 1854, contains a provision restricting the right of
suffrage by incorporating throughout the law the term all white
persons. In short, the Boer plainly and bluntly disdains to use the
diplomatic phraseology of the British statesman. He shuts the door of
hope in the native's face, without apology or equivocation.

THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA

Such was the state of affairs in 1910, Cape Colony granting absolute
citizenship to all inhabitants, Natal cleverly refusing it to natives,
Transvaal and the Orange Free State flatly withholding it. In 1910,
however, long-continued propaganda in favor of bringing the Boer and
British states together, to be thenceforth under a common government,
bore fruit, and the four republics united to form the Union of South
Africa.

The day of the passage of the act of union (called the South Africa
Act) was an ill one for the South African native. Cape Colony, the one
benevolent and fair-minded state, could