e movements of the battery itself.

2. On being threatened by cavalry, a light battery may sometimes
promptly change its position to one where the cavalry would attack it
_at great disadvantage_. For instance, if posted on an eminence, and
cavalry should attempt to carry it by charging up the slope, instead of
awaiting the charge in a position which would allow the cavalry to
recover breath, and form on the height, it might run its pieces forward
to the very brow of the slope, where the cavalry, having lost their
impetus, and with their horses blown, would be nearly helpless and
easily repulsed.

3. At a distance, the most effective fire on cavalry is with
_howitzers_, on account of the terror and confusion caused among the
horses by the bursting of the shells.

On the cavalry's flanks, when within four hundred or five hundred
yards, the fire with grape would be most effective.

4. The _last discharge_ should be of canister alone, and made by all the
pieces at once, when the battery should be swiftly withdrawn.

5. If the cavalry succeed in reaching the pieces before their
withdrawal, the gunners may find temporary refuge _under the carriages_.

F. AGAINST ARTILLERY.

1. As guns in the field should generally play on troops instead of
batteries, there should be a _reserve of horse artillery_ to take the
enemy's batteries in flank, in case of need, as well as for other
purposes.

2. Though the ordinary use of artillery is against infantry and cavalry
only, special circumstances may render it expedient that a certain
portion of it should _respond to the enemy's batteries_. In this case,
not over one-third should be used for that purpose.

3. When we have _guns in abundance_, it might be sometimes advisable, by
using several batteries at once, to silence the enemy's guns, before
beginning to play on his troops.

4. Artillery properly plays on the enemy's _guns_--

(1.) At the moment of their coming into action, for then they are so
exposed that our fire will be peculiarly effective, and perhaps to such
a degree as to prevent their opening on us.

(2.) When our troops move forward to attack, in order to draw away from
them the fire of the enemy's batteries, or, at least, to render it
unsteady, inaccurate, and ineffective; and

(3.) Generally, when his guns are causing us very great damage.

5. _Against guns_, solid shot or shells only should be used, since they
alone are capable of inflicting any serious i