for the squadron of Admiral von Spee. But when the
latter was defeated off the Falkland Islands, she resumed operations
as a raider of commerce. When she came into Newport News more than
60 per cent of her crew were suffering from what was thought to
be beri-beri; she had but twenty-one tons of coal in her bunkers
and almost no ammunition.

The total damage inflicted on the commerce of the Allies by the
_Emden, Karlsruhe, Kronprinz Wilhelm, Prinz Eitel Friedrich, Koenigsberg,
Dresden_ and _Leipzig_ amounted, by the end of May, 1915, to
$35,000,000. Sixty-seven vessels had been captured and sunk by them.

In the Dardanelles the naval operations were resumed, to some extent,
during the month of May, 1915. For a number of weeks after the
allied fleet had made the great attempt to force the Dardanelles
on March 19, 1915, their commanders attempted no maneuvers with
the larger ships, but the submarines were given work to do. On
April 27, 1915, the British submarine _E-14_, under command of
Lieutenant Commander Boyle, dived and went under the Turkish mine
fields, reaching the waters of the Sea of Marmora. In spite of
the fact that Turkish destroyers knew of its presence and hourly
watched for it in the hope of sinking it, this submarine was able
to operate brilliantly for some days, sinking two Turkish gunboats
and a laden transport. Similar exploits were performed by Lieutenant
Commander Nasmith with the British submarine _E-11_, which even
damaged wharves at the Turkish capital.

But when the military operations were getting under way during
May, 1915, the larger ships of the fleets were again used. The
Germans realizing that these great ships, moving as they did slowly
and deliberately while they fired on the land forts, would be good
targets for torpedoes, sent some of their newest submarines from
the bases in the North Sea, down along the coasts of France and
Spain, through the passage at Gibraltar and to the Dardanelles.
Destroyers accompanying the allied fleets kept diligent watch for
attacks from them. The _Goeben_, one of the German battle cruisers
that had escaped British and French fleets in the Mediterranean
during the first weeks of the war, and which was now a part of
the Turkish navy, was brought to the scene and aided the Turkish
forts in their bombardment of the hostile warships.

On May 12, 1915, the British battleship _Goliath_, of old design
and displacing some 12,000 tons, was sunk by a torpedo. Thi