00 ngwee

_#_Exchange rates: Zambian kwacha (ZK) per US$1--43.2900 (January
1991), 28.9855 (1990), 12.9032 (1989), 8.2237 (1988), 8.8889 (1987),
7.3046 (1986), 2.7137 (1985)

_#_Fiscal year: calendar year

_*_Communications
_#_Railroads: 1,266 km, all 1.067-meter gauge; 13 km double track

_#_Highways: 36,370 km total; 6,500 km paved, 7,000 km crushed stone,
gravel, or stabilized soil; 22,870 km improved and unimproved earth

_#_Inland waterways: 2,250 km, including Zambezi and Luapula Rivers,
Lake Tanganyika

_#_Pipelines: 1,724 km crude oil

_#_Ports: Mpulungu (lake port)

_#_Civil air: 6 major transport aircraft

_#_Airports: 121 total, 106 usable; 13 with permanent-surface runways;
1 with runways over 3,659 m; 4 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 23 with
runways 1,220-2,439 m

_#_Telecommunications: facilities are among the best in Sub-Saharan
Africa; high-capacity radio relay connects most larger towns and cities;
71,700 telephones; stations--11 AM, 3 FM, 9 TV; satellite earth
stations--1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT

_*_Defense Forces
_#_Branches: Army, Air Force, Police, paramilitary

_#_Manpower availability: males 15-49, 1,755,585; 920,878 fit for
military service

_#_Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP
_%_
_@_Zimbabwe
_*_Geography
_#_Total area: 390,580 km2; land area: 386,670 km2

_#_Comparative area: slightly larger than Montana

_#_Land boundaries: 3,066 km total; Botswana 813 km, Mozambique
1,231 km, South Africa 225 km, Zambia 797 km

_#_Coastline: none--landlocked

_#_Maritime claims: none--landlocked

_#_Disputes: quadripoint with Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia is in
disagreement

_#_Climate: tropical; moderated by altitude; rainy season (November to
March)

_#_Terrain: mostly high plateau with higher central plateau (high
veld); mountains in east

_#_Natural resources: coal, chromium ore, asbestos, gold, nickel,
copper, iron ore, vanadium, lithium, tin, platinum group metals

_#_Land use: arable land 7%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and
pastures 12%; forest and woodland 62%; other 19%; includes irrigated
NEGL%

_#_Environment: recurring droughts; floods and severe storms are rare;
deforestation; soil erosion; air and water pollution

_#_Note: landlocked

_*_People
_#_Population: 10,720,459 (July 1991), growth rate 2.9% (1991)

_#_Birth rate: 41 births/1,000 population (1991)

_#_Death rate