100 cents

Exchange rates: Netherlands guilders, gulden, or florins (f.) per
US$1 - 1.6365 (January 1996), 1.6057 (1995), 1.8200 (1994), 1.8573
(1993), 1.7585 (1992), 1.8697 (1991)

Fiscal year: calendar year

Transportation
--------------

Railways:
total: 2,891 km
standard gauge: 2,891 km 1.435-m gauge; 2857 km are in common
carrier service (1,991 km electrified) and 34 km serve tourists

Highways:
total: 104,831 km
paved: 92,251 km (including 2,118 km of expressways)
unpaved: 12,580 km (1992 est.)

Waterways: 6,340 km, of which 35% is usable by craft of 1,000
metric ton capacity or larger

Pipelines: crude oil 418 km; petroleum products 965 km; natural
gas 10,230 km

Ports: Amsterdam, Delfzijl, Dordrecht, Eemshaven, Groningen,
Haarlem, Ijmuiden, Maastricht, Rotterdam, Terneuzen, Utrecht

Merchant marine:
total: 352 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,681,133
GRT/3,379,762 DWT
ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 206, chemical tanker 21, combination
bulk 3, container 34, liquefied gas tanker 13, livestock carrier 1,
multifunction large-load carrier 2, oil tanker 38, railcar carrier
1, refrigerated cargo 16, roll-on/roll-off cargo 11, short-sea
passenger 3, specialized tanker 2
note: many Dutch-owned ships are operating under the registry of
Netherlands Antilles (1995 est.)

Airports:
total: 28
with paved runways over 3 047 m: 1
with paved runways 2 438 to 3 047 m: 8
with paved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 6
with paved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 3
with paved runways under 914 m: 7
with unpaved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 3 (1995 est.)

Heliports: 1 (1995 est.)

Communications
--------------

Telephones: 8.272 million (1983 est.)

Telephone system: highly developed and well maintained; extensive
redundant system of multiconductor cables, supplemented by microwave
radio relay
domestic: nationwide cellular telephone system; microwave radio relay
international: 5 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3
Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 2 Atlantic Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1
Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean Regions)

Radio broadcast stations: AM 3 (relays 3), FM 12 (repeaters 39),
shortwave 0

Radios: 13.755 million (1992 est.)

Television broadcast stations: 8 (repeaters 7)

Televisions: 7.4 million (1992 est.)

Defense
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Branches: Royal Netherlands Army, Royal Netherlands Navy (includes
Naval Air Serv