en Persian
(English) and black are fairly common throughout the East. The James
River and O'Connor hybrids are well known typical examples. Such hybrids
are most apt to occur in vicinities of Persian walnut trees. Crosses in
which the Persian walnut is the staminate or pollen producing parent may
sometimes occur but if so, they have never come to the attention of the
writer. Crosses between these two species commonly have the Persian
walnut as the pistillate or nut producing parent.

The most commonly seen forms which appear to be due to hybridity are in
the case of certain Japanese walnut seedlings in the East. The offspring
of these trees frequently takes on much of the character of the American
butternut. Nuts of this type have been recognized by this Association
and other authorities as "butterjaps." In his Manual of American Trees,
Dr. Albert H. Rehder of the Arnold Arboretum, Jamaica Plains, Mass.,
recognizes crosses between the Japanese walnut and American butternut
under the technical name of _Juglans bixbyi_ after the late Willard G.
Bixby of the Association by whom the matter was called to his attention.
However, it is not certain that nuts definitely known to represent a
cross between these two species have yet been brought to notice.

Butterjaps

It has been commonly assumed that nuts of the butternut type, from trees
grown from Japanese walnut seed are due to butternut hybridity, but the
theory is clearly open to reasonable doubt. Nuts of this identical type
are common in the orient where the butternut does not occur and also
they sometimes occur in this country on trees grown from imported
Japanese walnut seed. The late Luther Burbank wrote the Department of
Agriculture in 1899 that in California where he had grown many thousands
of seedlings from both imported and California grown seed, he was unable
to detect the slightest differences in foliage, yet the trees were apt
to produce nuts of any one of three types then known as _Juglans
sieboldiana_, _J. cordiformis_ or _J. mandschurica_. He wrote that "They
all run together and are evidently all from the butternut family."

An authentic case of butterjaps from imported seed was made public
during the first annual meeting of the Pennsylvania Nut Growers'
Association which was held in Harrisburg on January 11 of this year.
Butterjaps were on display during that meeting which had been grown by
Mr. Ross Pier Wright of Erie, Pa., from seed which he had impo