d that security should be given for the
strict observance of it.

* Herbert, Holingshed, p. 813.

John having likewise agreed to this condition, Ferdinand demanded that
he should deliver into his hands six of the most considerable places of
his dominions, together with his eldest son as a hostage. These were not
terms to be proposed to a sovereign; and as the Spanish monarch expected
a refusal, he gave immediate orders to the duke of Alva, his general, to
make an invasion on Navarre, and to reduce that kingdom.

Alva soon made himself master of all the smaller towns; and being ready
to form the siege of Pampeluna, the capital, he summoned the marquis of
Dorset to join him with the English army, and concert together all their
operations.

Dorset began to suspect that the interests of his master were very
little regarded in all these transactions; and having no orders to
invade the kingdom of Navarre, or make war any where but in France, he
refused to take any part in the enterprise. He remained therefore in his
quarters at Fontarabia; but so subtle was the contrivance of Ferdinand,
that even while the English army lay in that situation, it was almost
equally serviceable to his purpose, as if it had acted in conjunction
with his own. It kept the French army in awe, and prevented it from
advancing to succor the kingdom of Navarre; so that Alva, having full
leisure to conduct the siege, made himself master of Pampeluna, and
obliged John to seek for shelter in France. The Spanish general applied
again to Dorset, and proposed to conduct with united counsels the
operations of the "holy league," (so it was called,) against Lewis: but
as he still declined forming the siege of Bayonne, and rather insisted
on the invasion of the principality of Bearne, a part of the king of
Navarre's dominions which lies on the French side of the Pyrenees,
Dorset, justly suspicious of his sinister intentions, represented that,
without new orders from his master, he could not concur in such an
undertaking. In order to procure these orders, Ferdinand despatched
Martin de Ampios to London; and persuaded Henry that, by the refractory
and scrupulous humor of the English general, the most favorable
opportunities were lost; and that it was necessary he should on all
occasions act in concert with the Spanish commander, who was best
acquainted with the situation of the country, and the reasons of every
operation. But before orders to this purpose