ormal in composition, although the peculiar
flavour remains a few days longer. Nature has specially prepared it for
the young calf with extremely nourishing and also laxative properties,
and it is of practically no value for any other purpose. Normal cows'
milk has an albuminoid ratio slightly narrower than 1 : 4--colostrum
1 : .71. [The ratio is arrived at by adding to the percentage of
milk-sugar, possessing about the food equivalent of starch, the fat
multiplied by 2.268, and dividing by the total albuminoids--all
digestible.]

Common nutrient ratios for older animals are stated in the following
table of food standards by Dr Emil Wolff:--

+-----------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| | Food Consumed per Day. |
| +---------------------+--------------------------+
| | Dry. | Digestible. |
| +------+-------+------+------+--------+----------+
| | Live |Organic|Albu- | |Carbo- |Albuminoid|
| |Weight|Matter |minoid| Fats |Hydrates| Ratio. |
+-----------------------------------+------+-------+------+------+--------+----------+
| | lb. | lb. | lb. | lb. | lb. | lb. |
|Calves, growing, 2 to 3 months | 150 | 3.3 | 0.6 | 0.30 | 2.1 | 1 : 4.7 |
|Young cattle " 3 to 6 " | 300 | 7.0 | 1.0 | 0.30 | 4.1 | 1 : 5 |
| " " 6 to 12 " | 500 | 12.0 | 1.2 | 0.30 | 6.8 | 1 : 6 |
| " " 12 to 18 " | 700 | 16.8 | 1.4 | 0.28 | 9.1 | 1 : 7 |
| " " 18 to 24 " | 850 | 20.4 | 1.4 | 0.26 | 10.3 | 1 : 8 |
|Oxen in complete rest | 1000 | 27.5 | 0.7 | 0.15 | 8.0 | 1 : 12 |
| " fattening, 1st period | 1000 | 27.0 | 2.5 | 0.50 | 15.0 | 1 : 65 |
| " " 2nd period | 1000 | 26.0 | 3.0 | 0.70 | 14.8 | 1 : 5.5 |
| " " 3rd period | 1000 | 25.0 | 2.7 | 0.60 | 14.8 | 1 : 6 |
|Milch cows | 1000 | 24.0 | 2.5 | 0.40 | 12.5 | 1 : 5.4 |
+-----------------------------------+------+-------+------+------+--------+-----