al Economy,
Jurisprudence, Ancient History, etc. Into all these spheres he
was followed by Engels, who was as many-sided as Duehring but in
another way. Engels' many-sidedness was united with a
fundamental thoroughness which in these days of specialization
is only found in a few cases and was rare even at that time. * * *
It is to the superficial many-sidedness of Duehring that we
owe the fact, that the 'Anti-Duehring' became a book which
treated the whole of modern science from the Marx-Engels
materialistic point of view. Next to 'Capital' the
'Anti-Duehring' has become the fundamental work of modern
Socialism."

Engels' reply was published in the Leipsic "Vorwaerts," in a
series of articles beginning early in 1877, and afterwards in a
volume entitled, "Mr. Duehring's Revolution in Science." This
book came to be known by its universal and popular title:
"Anti-Duehring."

After the appearance of this book Duehring's influence
disappeared. Instead of a great leader in Socialism, Duehring
found himself regarded as a museum curiosity, so much so that
Kautsky, writing in 1887, said:

"The occasion for the 'Anti-Duehring' has been long forgotten.
Not only is Duehring a thing of the past for the Social
Democracy, but the whole throng of academic and platonic
Socialists have been frightened away by the anti-Socialist
legislation, which at least had the one good effect to show
where the reliable supports of our movement are to be found."

Out of Anti-Duehring came the most important Socialist pamphlet
ever published, unless, perhaps, we should except "The Communist
Manifesto," though even this is by no means certain. In 1892
Engels related the story of its birth:

"At the request of my friend, Paul Lafargue, now representative
of Lille in the French Chamber of Deputies, I arranged three
chapters of this book as a pamphlet, which he translated and
published in 1880, under the title: "Socialism, Utopian and
Scientific." From this French text a Polish and a Spanish
edition was prepared. In 1883, our German friends brought out
the pamphlet in the original language. Italian, Russian, Danish,
Dutch and Roumanian translations, based upon the German text,
have since been published. Thus, with the present English
edition, this little book circulates in ten languages. I am