he union of the Chandra and Bhaga, both of which rise in
Lahul near the Baralacha pass. Having become the Chandrabhaga the river
flows through Pangi in Chamba and the south-east of Kashmir. Near
Kishtwar it breaks through the Pir Panjal range, and thenceforwards
receives the drainage of its southern slopes. At Akhnur it becomes
navigable and soon after it enters the Panjab district of Sialkot. A
little later it is joined from the west by the Tawi, the stream above
which stands Jammu, the winter capital of Kashmir. The Chenab parts
Sialkot and Gujranwala on the left bank from Gujrat and Shahpur on the
right. At Wazirabad, near the point where Sialkot, Gujrat, and
Gujranwala meet, it is crossed by the Alexandra railway bridge. Leaving
Shahpur and Gujranwala behind, the Chenab flows through Jhang to its
junction with the Jhelam at Trimmu. In this section there is a second
railway bridge at Chund Bharwana. The united stream runs on under the
name of Chenab to be joined on the north border of the Multan district
by the Ravi and on its southern border by the Sutlej. Below its junction
with the latter the stream is known as the Panjnad. In the plains the
Chenab cannot be called an attractive river, and its silt is far
inferior to that of the Jhelam.

[Illustration: Fig. 14. Fording the River at Lahore.]

~The Ravi.~--The Ravi was known to the writers of the Vedic hymns as the
Parushni, but is called in classical Sanskrit Iravati, whence the
Hydraotes of the Greek historians. It rises near the Rotang pass in
Kangra, and flows north-west through the southern part of Chamba. Below
the town of Chamba, it runs as a swift slaty-blue mountain stream, and
here it is spanned by a fine bridge. Passing on to the north of the hill
station of Dalhousie it reaches the Kashmir border, and turning to the
south-west flows along it to Basoli where Kashmir, Chamba, and the
British district of Gurdaspur meet. At this point it is 2000 feet above
the sea level. It now forms the boundary of Kashmir and Gurdaspur, and
finally near Madhopur, where the head-works of the Bari Doab canal are
situated, it passes into the Gurdaspur district. Shortly after it is
joined from the north by a large torrent called the Ujh, which rises in
the Jammu hills. After reaching the Sialkot border the Ravi parts that
district first from Gurdaspur and then from Amritsar, and, passing
through the west of Lahore, divides Montgomery and Lyallpur, and flowing
through the nort