ke.

[159] =Invalides=: one of the great public buildings at Paris; a
soldiers' home and hospital. Napoleon is buried here.

[160] =Aid-de-camp=: an officer who carries orders and directs movements
for a general.

[161] =The viceroy=: Prince Eugene.

[162] The indecisive battle of Malo-jaroslavetz, a town about fifty
miles southwest of Moscow, compelled Napoleon to give up his original
plan of retreat, which would have taken him through an unexhausted
country to the southward, and forced him to go back to the north,
retracing his steps by the route he came.

[163] =Wittgenstein=: commander of one division of the Russian forces,
held a position on the Dwina River and later on the Berezina, a
tributary of the Dnieper.

[164] =Vereia=: a village about twenty-five miles northwest of
Malo-jaroslavetz.

[165] =Kremlin=: it was afterward found that the fortress was but
slightly injured.

[166] =Mojaisk=: about ten miles northwest of Vereia and seventy west of
Moscow.

[167] The battle-field of Borodino, which Napoleon had fought on his
march to Moscow. See Introduction.

[168] =Viazma=: about fifty miles west of Borodino.

[169] =Dorogobouje=: a town about fifty miles west of Viazma and nearly
two hundred west of Moscow. It is situated on the river Wop, a branch of
the Dnieper.

[170] =Deployed=: formed a more extended front or line.

[171] =Dombrowna=: a town about fifty miles west of Smolensk and two
hundred from Moscow.

[172] =Grenadiers=: these were men of long service and acknowledged
bravery. Originally these soldiers threw hand grenades or small
explosive shells. When these grenades went out of use the name
grenadiers was still retained.

[173] =Borizoff=: a town on the Berezina River, about 320 miles
southwest of Moscow, and about 75 west of Orcha.

[174] =Minsk=: a town on a tributary of the Berezina River, about 400
miles southwest of Moscow. Here Napoleon had immense stores of
provisions, clothing, and ammunition. He was pushing forward to reach
this place.

[175] Polish generals in Napoleon's Grand Army.

[176] =Malodeczno=: a town about seventy miles west of the Berezina
River.

[177] =Smorgoni=: a village about thirty-five miles northwest of
Malodeczno, and four hundred and fifty southwest of Moscow.

[178] =Silesia=: a province of southeastern Prussia.

[179] =Eagles=: Napoleon's colors were surmounted by the figure of an
eagle.

[180] Marshal Ney, whom Napoleon called "the brave