al jurisdiction of this bishopric began. Continuing north
for a matter of some sixteen nautical leguas, one meets the port of
Tumango, the safest and most capacious of all this rough coast. A
short distance from that port are found the village of Palanan and
the missions of Dicalayon, and Dauilican or Divilican. Thence, until
one reaches the cape of Engano, [123] one finds nothing more than
some small anchoring-places, which offer but scant refuge to the
vessels, as they are all exposed to the vendavals. On the northern
coast as well, which begins at the said cape of Engano (so called
because of the deceitfulness of its currents), one does not meet bay
or port until he reaches the village of Aparri, some fifteen leguas
away. This village is located a short distance from the ancient city
of Nueva Segovia, which is known to the natives under the name of
Laen [sc. Lal-lo]. A matter of fifteen leguas more from the above
village of Aparri, is encountered the beginning of the Caraballos
mountains, whose point, called Balaynacira, or Pata, projects into
the northern sea and is the most northern point of the island. At this
point ends the province of Cagayan, and begins that of Ilocos Norte,
in the village of Pancian which is nine hours' distance from that of
Bangui. Then one doubles the cape of Bojeador, where the western coast
of the island begins, and passes the provinces of Ilocos (Norte and
Sur), Union, and Pangasinan, which abound with many villages, until
the cape of Bolinao is reached--where this bishopric is bounded by
the archbishopric, to which belongs the province of Zambales.

This see suffragan to the metropolitan of Manila was erected by brief
of his Holiness Clement VIII, August 14, 1595. The bishop formerly
resided in Nueva Segovia, the capital of the province of Cagayan;
but now he resides at Vigan, the capital of Ilocos Sur, where the town
called Fernandina formerly stood. The endowment for this miter is four
thousand pesos fuertes for the diocesan, one hundred and eighty-four
pesos for the cura of the cathedral, ninety-two pesos to the sacristan,
and one hundred pesos to each one of the chaplains of the choir. Its
jurisdiction extends, as we have said, through the eight provinces of
Cagayan, Nueva Vizcaya, Pangasinan, Union, Ilocos Sur, Ilocos Norte,
Abra, and the Batanes Islands. [124]...

[The name Nueva Segovia is preserved only in official documents,
and it is more frequently called the bishopric of Ilo