[41] "The History of the Hebrew Commonwealth." From the German of
John Jahn, D.D. Page 25. Oxford, 1840.

[42] "L'Hermaphrodite devant le Code Civil." Par le Docteur Charles
Debierre. Bailliere et Fils. Paris, 1886.

[43] "Recherches Philosophiques sur les Americains," tome ii, page
78.

[44] "L'Hermaphrodite devant le Code Civil." Debierre.

[45] _Occidental Medical Times_, Sacramento, Cal., October, 1890,
page 543.

[46] "Dictionaire des Sciences Medicales," vol. xxxi., page 41.

[47] _British and Foreign Medico-Chirurgical Review_, vol. xviii,
1856.

[48] "L'Hermaphrodite devant le Code Civil." Debierre.

[49] Sir Thomas Brown's works, vol. ii, "Religio Medici."

[50] "The Bible and other Ancient Literature in the Nineteenth
Century." L. T. Townsend, D.D. Chautauqua press, 1889. See
pages 32-45.

[51] "The Religions of the Ancient World." George Rawlinson, M.A.
Alden edition of 1885. Page 174.

[52] "The Intellectual Development of Europe." John W. Draper. Vol.
ii, page 113.

[53] _Ibid._ vol. ii, page 122.

[54] In "Clarke's Commentary," vol. i, page 113, the reason of
choosing the eighth day is given. Circumcision was not only a
covenant, but an offering to God; and all born, whether human
or animal, were considered unclean previous to the eighth day.
Neither calf, lamb, or kid was offered to God until it was
eight days old.--Lev., xxii, 27.

[55] A father circumcised his children and the master his slaves. In
case of neglect the operation was performed by the magistrate.
If its neglect was unknown to the magistrate, then it became
the duty of the Hebrew, upon arriving of age, to either do it
himself or have it done.--"Clarke's Commentary," vol. i, page
113.

[56] Bishop Newton points out the remarkable analogy that marks the
Hebrew race as descendants of Isaac and the Arab race as the
descendants of Ishmael, from whom sprung the Saracenic people.
These are the only two races that have gone on in their purity
from their beginning. They intermarry only among themselves
and have, alike, the same customs and habits as their fathers.
The sculptured faces of the Hebrew on the Babylonian monu