olve soap in boiling water, add kerosene to the hot water, churn
with spraying pump for at least ten minutes, until the mixture changes
to a creamy, then to a soft, butterlike, mass. This gives three gallons
of 66-per-cent oil emulsion, which may be diluted to the strength
desired. To get 15-per-cent oil emulsion add ten and one-half gallons of
water.

FOR FUNGOUS DISEASES

COPPER SULPHATE

Copper sulphate 1 lb.
Water 18 to 25 gal.

Use only before foliage opens, to kill wintering spores.

BORDEAUX MIXTURE

Copper sulphate (bluestone) 4 to 5 lb.
Lime (good, unslaked) 5 to 6 lb.
Water 50 gal.

Dissolve the copper sulphate (bluestone) in twenty-five gallons of
water. Slake the lime slowly so as to get a smooth, thick cream. Never
cover the lime with too much water. After thorough slaking add
twenty-five gallons of water. When the lime and the bluestone have
dissolved, pour the two liquids into a third vessel. Be sure that each
stream mixes with the other before either enters the vessel. Strain
through a coarse cloth.

Mix fresh for each time. Use for molds and fungi generally. Apply in
fine spray with a good nozzle.

BORDEAUX-PARIS-GREEN MIXTURE

Ordinary Bordeaux mixture 50 gal.
Paris green 4 oz. to 2 lb.

Use for both fungi and insects on apple, potato, etc.

BORDEAUX-ARSENATE-OF-LEAD MIXTURE

Ordinary Bordeaux mixture 50 gal.
Arsenate of lead 2 to 3 lb.

Used for fungous and insect enemies of the potato, and of the apple when
bitter rot is troublesome.

COMMERCIAL LIME-SULPHUR ARSENATE OF LEAD

Commercial lime-sulphur 1-1/2 gal.
Arsenate of lead 2 to 3 lb.
Water 50 gal.

Use for spraying apples.

AMMONIACAL COPPER CARBONATE

Copper carbonate 5 oz.
Ammonia (26 deg. Baume) about 3 pt.
Water 50 gal.

Dissolve the copper carbonate in the smallest possible amount of
ammonia. This solution may be kept in stock and diluted to the proper
strength as needed.

Use this instead of the Bordeaux mixture after the fruit has reached
half or two thirds of the mature size. It leaves no spots as does the
lime-sulphur wash or the Bordeaux mixture.

SPRAYS FOR BOTH FUNGOUS AND INSECT PESTS

HOME-MADE LIME-SULPHUR WASH

Lime 20 lb.
Sulphur 15 lb.
Water 50 gal.

The lime, the sulphur, and about half of the water required are boiled
together for forty-fiv