Tibboos (capital).

Ashennema, half a day; village and rocks.

Amchumma, ten hours; village and rocks.

Anai, two hours; village and rocks.

Yuguba, twelve hours; a well.

Sigdem, twelve hours; well and rocks.

Maffarus, one day and a half; well.

Lahmer, one day and a half; well and rocks.

War, three days; well, and mountains of great height and magnitude.

Meshru, two days; well and rocks.

Oma, twelve hours. Here the traveller at length sees a forest of
date-palms; and the first district of Fezzan begins.

Tajerrhi, eleven hours; walled town.

Kazraua, twelve hours; village.

Mudrusai, half a day; village.

Gatron, two hours; village.

Hafari, twelve hours; well and date-palms.

Mustutai, fifteen hours; well and date-palms.

Bithan, twelve hours; village.

Sidi Beshir, half a day; village.

Mourzuk, three hours.

_Obs._--All the Tibboo districts, like those of Fezzan, have forests of
date-palms. Between Maffarus and Oma there is no herbage during seven
days. The greatest quantity of sand in this route is found between Agdem
and Zau.

* * * * *

_Route from Kuka, to Mandara._

From Kuka, south, to

Manguno, nine hours; a large town.

Dikua, half a day; a walled town, and residence of a sultan.

Gasa, ten hours; a village.

Quondega, seven hours; a large village.

Gamergu, five hours; a large village.

Karaua, twelve hours; first country of Mandara, of great height.

Izgai, four hours; village and rocks.

Dulo, four hours; villages and rocks.

Mora, three hours; a walled city, and capital of Mandara, a small city,
containing not more than ten thousand souls. The Sultan has five hundred
cavalry and one thousand eunuchs. These poor devils are made here. The
Kerdies or pagans upon the neighbouring mountains are called Matacum.
These mountains are said to be of considerable altitude.

According to Omer Wardi there is no difficulty in going to Muzgu, south
of Mandara, and seat of the nearest pagans.

* * * * *

_Route to Mandara from Kuka: Second Route, Eastern._

TERRITORY OF BORNOU.

From Kuka, south-east, to

Gornu, half a-day; a walled town, larger than Zinder.

Gulum, three hours; small village. Here is a river.

Yaidi, four hours; large walled town.

Martai, four hours; large walled town.

Ala, three hours; large walled town.

Diwa, eight hours; large walled town, and residence of a sultan. Here is