beginner
will find it best to spend a few days working with the common gas
blow-pipe and glass before he attempts to manipulate the new and more
refractory material. Therefore, in writing the new chapter, I have
assumed that the reader is already more or less familiar with the rest
of the book, and have given only such instructions and advice as will be
required by one who is already able to carry out simple work at the
blow-pipe.

W. A. SHENSTONE.

CLIFTON COLLEGE,
_Dec. 1901_.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER I.

GLASS-BLOWER'S APPARATUS.
PAGE

Introductory--The Working-place--The Blow-pipe--The
Bellows--Automatic Blower--Blow-pipe Flames, 1-11

CHAPTER II.

VARIETIES OF GLASS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT.

Characters of good Glass--Cleaning and Preparing a
Tube--Presenting Glass to the Flame--Methods of working with
Lead and Soft Soda Glass respectively--Management of Soda
Glass--Annealing--The Use of Combustion Tube, 12-25

CHAPTER III.

CUTTING AND BENDING GLASS--FORMING GLASS APPARATUS BEFORE
THE BLOW-PIPE--MAKING AND GRINDING STOPPERS TO APPARATUS,
ETC.

Cutting Glass Tubes--Bending Glass Tubes--Rounding and
Bordering the Ends of Tubes--Sealing--Choking, or
Contracting the Bore of a Glass Tube--Widening
Tubes--Piercing Tubes--Uniting Pieces of Glass to Each
Other, Known as Welding, or Soldering--Blowing a Bulb or
Globe of Glass--Making and Grinding Stoppers, 26-54

CHAPTER IV.

MAKING THISTLE FUNNELS, U-TUBES, ETC.--COMBINING THE PARTS
OF COMPLICATED APPARATUS--MERCURY, AND OTHER AIR-TIGHT
JOINTS--VACUUM TAPS--SAFETY TAPS--AIR-TRAPS.

Electrodes--U-Tubes--Spiral Tubes--Thistle Funnels--Closing
Tubes containing Chemicals--Construction of Apparatus
Consisting of Several Parts--Modes of Combining the Parts of
Heavy Apparatus--Mercury Joints--Vacuum Taps--Lubricating
Taps--Air-Traps, 55-69

CHAPTER V.

GRADUATING AND CALIBRATING GLASS APPARATUS.

To Graduate Tubes, etc.--To Divide a Given Line into Equal
Parts--To Calibrate Apparatus--To Calibrate Tubes for
Measuring Gases--To Calibrate the Tube of a Thermometer, 70-81

CHAPTER VI.

GLASS TUBING.

Diagrams of Glass Tubes, showing the chief sizes in whi