"In proceeding to transplant, the beds, and paths, or alleys, should be
marked off at the required distance. A stout stake should be driven at
each corner of the beds, and from these the distances for the rows
should be measured. There are various ways of transplanting. Some
stretch a line, and cut out a trench only deep enough to allow the roots
to be laid out without doubling; and they are spread out like a fan
perpendicularly against the side of the cut, the crown of the plant
being kept two inches below the surface of the ground. Some dig out a
trench, and form little hillocks of fine soil, over which the roots are
spread, extending like the sticks of an umbrella. Others make a ridge,
astride which they set the plants, spreading their roots on each side of
the ridge; and, again, some take off a portion of the soil on the bed,
and, after the surface has been raked smooth, the roots of the plants
are spread out nearly at right angles on the level.

"The first method is the most expeditious, and is generally practised in
setting extensive plantations: but, whatever plan be preferred, the
crowns of the plants should all be on the same level; otherwise those
that are too high would be liable to be injured by the knife in
cutting."

During the summer, nothing will be necessary but to keep the plants
clear of weeds; and, in doing this, the hoe should be dispensed with as
much as possible, to avoid injuring the roots. In the autumn, when the
tops have completely withered, they should be cut down nearly level with
the surface of the ground, and burned. The beds should then be lightly
dug over, and three or four inches of rich loam, intermixed with
well-digested compost, and salt at the rate of two quarts to the square
rod, should be applied; which will leave the crowns of the roots about
five inches below the surface.

_Second Year._--Early in spring, as soon as the frost leaves the ground,
dig over the beds, taking care not to disturb the roots; rake the
surface smooth; and, during the summer, cultivate as before directed:
but none of the shoots should be cut for use. In the autumn, after the
stalks have entirely withered, cut down and burn as in the previous
year; stir the surface of the bed, and add an inch of soil and manure,
which will bring the crowns six or seven inches below ground,--a depth
preferred, by a majority of cultivators, for established plantations.

_Third Year._--Early in spring, stir the ground as di