iii. 58--M.]

[Footnote 36: Haran, or Carrhae, was the ancient residence of the
Sabaeans, and of Abraham. See the Index Geographicus of Schultens, (ad
calcem Vit. Saladin.,) a work from which I have obtained much Oriental
knowledge concerning the ancient and modern geography of Syria and the
adjacent countries. ----On an inedited medal in the collection of the
late M. Tochon. of the Academy of Inscriptions, it is read Xappan. St.
Martin. iii 60--M.]

[Footnote 37: See Xenophon. Cyropaed. l. iii. p. 189, edit. Hutchinson.
Artavasdes might have supplied Marc Antony with 16,000 horse, armed and
disciplined after the Parthian manner, (Plutarch, in M. Antonio. tom. v.
p. 117.)]

[Footnote 38: Moses of Chorene (Hist. Armeniac. l. iii. c. 11, p.
242) fixes his accession (A. D. 354) to the 17th year of Constantius.
----Arsaces Tiranus, or Diran, had ceased to reign twenty-five years
before, in 337. The intermediate changes in Armenia, and the character
of this Arsaces, the son of Diran, are traced by M. St. Martin, at
considerable length, in his supplement to Le Beau, ii. 208-242. As long
as his Grecian queen Olympias maintained her influence, Arsaces was
faithful to the Roman and Christian alliance. On the accession of
Julian, the same influence made his fidelity to waver; but Olympias
having been poisoned in the sacramental bread by the agency of
Pharandcem, the former wife of Arsaces, another change took place in
Armenian politics unfavorable to the Christian interest. The patriarch
Narses retired from the impious court to a safe seclusion. Yet
Pharandsem was equally hostile to the Persian influence, and Arsaces
began to support with vigor the cause of Julian. He made an inroad into
the Persian dominions with a body of Rans and Alans as auxiliaries;
wasted Aderbidgan and Sapor, who had been defeated near Tauriz, was
engaged in making head against his troops in Persarmenia, at the time of
the death of Julian. Such is M. St. Martin's view, (ii. 276, et sqq.,)
which rests on the Armenian historians, Faustos of Byzantium, and Mezrob
the biographer of the Partriarch Narses. In the history of Armenia
by Father Chamitch, and translated by Avdall, Tiran is still king of
Armenia, at the time of Julian's death. F. Chamitch follows Moses of
Chorene, The authority of Gibbon.--M.]

[Footnote 39: Ammian. xx. 11. Athanasius (tom. i. p. 856) says,
in general terms, that Constantius gave to his brother's widow, an
expression more suitab