of officers unconstitutionally appointed, or in a British King
and Parliament whose combined powers have indeed often restrained the
licentiousness, but never invaded the rational liberties of mankind."

A survey of the addresses indicates that they were composed by one
person, or else modelled from the same formula. All had the same source
of inspiration. This, however, does not militate against the moral
effect of those uttering them. So far as Scotland is concerned, it must
be regarded as a fair representation of the sentiment of the people.
While only an insignificant part of the Highlands gave their humble
petitions, yet the subsequent acts must be the criterion from which a
judgment must be formed.

It is possible that some of the loyal addresses were accelerated by the
prohibition placed on Scotch emigration to America. Early in September,
1775, Henry Dundas, lord-advocate for Scotland, urged the board of
customs to issue orders to all inferior custom houses enjoining them to
grant no clearances for America of any ship which had more than the
common complement of hands on board. On September 23, 1775, Archibald
Cockburn, sheriff deputy of Edinburgh, issued the following order:

"Whereas a letter[148] was received by me some time ago, from His
Majesty's Advocate for Scotland, intimating that, on account of the
present rebellion in America, it was proper a stop should be put for
the present to emigrations to that Country, and that the necessary
directions were left at the different sea-ports in Scotland to that
purpose; I think it my duty, in obedience to his Lordship's
requisition contained in that letter, to take this publick method of
notifying to such of the inhabitants within my jurisdiction, if any
such there be, who have formed resolutions to themselves of leaving
this Country, and going in quest of settlements in America, that they
aught not to put themselves to the unnecessary trouble and expense of
preparing for a removal of their habitations, which they will not, so
far as it lies in my power to prevent, be permitted to effectuate."

The British government had every assurance of the undivided support of
all Scotland in its attempt to subjugate America. It also put a strong
dependence in enlisting in the army such Highlanders as had emigrated,
and especially those who had belonged to the 42nd, Fraser's, and
Montgomery's regiments, but remained in the country after