lk?_

If one can get milk fresh from the cows, the top-milk is to be
preferred on account of freshness. The food can then be made up when
the milk is but a few hours old. In cities, if one uses bottled milk,
the upper third may also be used. But if one buys milk and cream
separately, it is usually more convenient to mix these, as the cream
will not rise upon milk a second time with any uniformity.

_How can one obtain formulas in which the fat is twice the
proteids?_

By using for dilution a 7-per-cent milk (i.e., milk containing 7 per
cent fat) which serves as the primary formula from which all the other
formulas of this series are derived.

In 7-per-cent milk the fat is just twice the proteids.

_How can one get the 7-per-cent milk?_

(1) As top-milk, as described on page 64; or, (2) by mixing three
parts of milk and one part of ordinary (16 per cent) cream; (3) from
any of the milk laboratories it may be obtained directly. As in the
case of 10-per-cent milk, the top-milk is generally to be preferred to
a mixture of milk and cream.

_How should the food be prepared during the early months?_

It is convenient in calculation to make up twenty ounces of food at a
time. The first step is to obtain the 10-per-cent milk or the
7-per-cent milk to be used as the primary formula. Then to take the
number of ounces of this that are called for in the formula desired.

Note.--One should not make the mistake of taking from the top of the
bottle only the number of ounces needed in the formula as this may
give quite a different result.

There will be required in addition one ounce of milk sugar[4] and one
ounce of lime-water in each twenty ounces. The rest of the food will
be made up of boiled water.

[4] If the milk sugar be measured in the milk-dipper, two scant
dipperfuls may be calculated as one ounce. If measured in a
tablespoon, three even tablespoonfuls may be calculated as one
ounce.

These formulas written out would be as follows:

_First Series_

_Formulas for the Early Months from 10-per-cent Milk_

-----------------------------------------------------------
I. II. III. IV. V.
-----------------------------------------------------------
10-per-cent milk 2 oz. 3 oz. 4 oz. 5 oz. 6 oz.
Milk sugar 1 " 1 " 1 " 1 " 1 "
Lime-water 1 " 1 " 1 " 1 " 1 "
Boiled water 17 "