he taps which it was making.

"Certainly, this time at least, the animal seemed to perform an
automatic action, and it seemed to me that we had guessed
subconsciously what the horse intended to do. This may appear a
crooked hypothesis, but it is less difficult for me than to think
that the horse had read in my mind the number which I had there. It
certainly did nothing on most occasions to upset the fairly clear
and precise impression that it was obeying some more or less
complex determinism."

It seems to me difficult to avoid the impression that what has just
been stated does not reveal a simple telepathic relationship but
something rather more deep. The want of interest by the animal in its
behaviour is for me symptomatic, and agrees perfectly well with the
sensation of the observer that he also had to obey some obscure
determinism. I see here another case of a combined psychical (partial)
operation of a "mediumistic" kind; and this hypothesis makes very
plausible the other no less impressive hypothesis of the observer that
his mind was reading (in a subconscious way) the mind of the horse. I
call this hypothesis of Ferrari impressive, because in this case it was
due to a person who is certainly not to be suspected of dilettantism,
and still less of any pseudo-scientific mysticism.

For the rest I repeat that "telepathy" also may co-exist along with
"mediumistic" action. In a general way, telepathy would seem to assume
in the animal a greater amount of "human" psychic affinity, whilst in
mediumistic action I look upon the animal as reacting to the
intervention of the other mind in a much more "automatic" way: almost
like a "speaking table," but a table provided with live feet rather
than inert legs, and above all provided with a nervous system forming
part of it, so that very little action on the part of the medium is
required, but the subliminal action of the investigator is enough by
itself to work it. (Of course, this does not exclude altogether action
by others or by the horse itself).

Krall admits the possibility of telepathy (but in a very limited
measure): and then, if I remember right, he was looking finally for
an explanation which to-day I should perhaps call of the
mediumistic type, if I had been better acquainted with it; but in
fact I had of him, in his lifetime, only some vague hint on the
point.

As to Miss Kindermann, she recognises th