thick, yellowish, aromatic juice exudes
from the extremities of the broken branches, or wherever the stem
has been wounded. In Martinique a liquor called _Eau de Mantes_ is
distilled from this balsamic juice with spirits of wine. The young
leaves and branches are used in warm baths, on account of their
agreeable fragrance and reputed medicinal virtues.

148. CROTON ELEUTHERIA.--This plant furnishes cascarilla bark, used as
an aromatic bitter tonic, having no astringency. It has a fragrant
smell when burnt, on which account it has been mixed with smoking
tobacco.

149. CROTON TIGLIUM.--A plant of the family _Euphorbiaceae_, from the
Indian Archipelago, which produces the seeds from whence croton
oil is extracted. It is a very powerful medicine, and even in
pressing the seeds for the purpose of extracting the oil, the
workmen are subject to irritation of the eyes and other
casualties.

150. CUBEBA OFFICINALIS.--A native of Java, which furnishes the cubeb
fruits of commerce. These fruits are like black pepper, but
stalked, and have an acrid, hot, aromatic taste; frequently used
medicinally.

151. CURCAS PURGANS.--A tropical plant cultivated in many warm
countries for the sake of its seeds, known as physic nuts. The
juice of the plant, which is milky, acrid, and glutinous, produces
an indelible brown stain on linen. The oil from the seeds is used
for burning in lamps; and in paints. In China it is boiled with
oxide of iron and used as a varnish. It is also used medicinally.

152. CURCUMA LONGA.--A plant belonging to the _Zingiberaceae_, the roots
of which furnish turmeric. This powder is used in India as a mild
aromatic, and for other medicinal purposes. It also enters into
the composition of curry-powder, and a sort of arrowroot is made
from the young tubers.

153. CURCUMA ZEDOARIA.--This plant furnishes zedoary tubers, much used
in India as aromatic tonics.

154. CYATHEA MEDULLARIS.--This beautiful tree fern is a native of
Australia, where it attains a height of 25 to 30 feet, having
fronds from 10 to 15 feet in length. It contains a pulpy substance
in the center of the stem, of a starchy, mucilaginous nature,
which is a common article of food with the natives. The trees have
to be destroyed in order to obtain it.

155. C