n identical
manner.

The resulting regularity has an excellent effect upon the
physical welfare of the worker.

2. Habits, under Scientific Management,

(a) are prescribed by standards. The various physical
habits of the man, the motions that are used, having
all been timed and then standardized, the worker
acquires physical habits that are fixed.
(b) are taught;[1] therefore they are not remote but come
actually and promptly into the consciousness and into
the action of the worker.
(c) are retained, because they are standard habits and
because the rewards which are given for using them make
it an object to the worker to retain them.
(d) Are reenforced by individuality and functionalization;
that is to say, the worker is considered as an
individual, and his possibilities are studied, before
he is put into the work; therefore, his own
individuality and his own particular function naturally
reenforce those habits which he is taught to form.
These habits, being scientifically derived, add to
physical improvement.

3. Physical development

(a) is fostered through the play element, has been
scientifically studied, and is utilized as far as
possible; the same is true of the love of work, which
is reenforced by the fact that the man has been placed
where he will have the most love for his work.
(b) is insured by the love of contest, which is provided
for not only by contest with others, but by the
constant contest of the worker with his own previous
records. When he does exceed these records he utilizes
powers which it is for his good physically, as well as
otherwise, to utilize.

RESULTS OF PHYSICAL IMPROVEMENT.--This regularity, good habits,
and physical development, result in good health, increased strength
and a better appearance. To these three results all scientific
managers testify. An excellent example of this is found in Mr.
Gantt's "Work, Wages and Profits," where the increased health, the
better color and the better general appearance of the workers under
Scientific Management is commented on as well as the fact that they
are inspired by their habits to dress themselves better and in every
way to become of a higher ty