t the person of the emperor and the
graver cases of murder. The sentence is executed by hanging.

+-----------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| Crimes Punishable by | 1853 to 1873. | 1875 to 1900. | 1901 to 1903. |
| Death. +----------------------+-----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| | Condemned.| Executed.| Condemned.| Executed.| Condemned.| Executed.|
+-----------------------------+----------------------+-----------+----------+-----------+----------+
| High treason | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Murder s. 136 | 880 | 102 | 2085 | 81 | 180 | 9 |
| Killing by robbers, s. 141 | 12 | 3 | 35 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| Public violence, ss. 85, 87 | . . | . . | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Incendiarism, s. 167 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Criminal use of explosives | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| (explosives law, s. 4) | | | | | | |
+-----------------------------+-----------+----------+-----------+----------+-----------+----------+

_Belgium_.--Under the Belgian Penal Code of 1867 the death penalty is
retained for certain forms of high treason, and for assassination and
parricide by poisoning. It may not be pronounced on a person under
eighteen. The sentence is executed publicly by the guillotine. No
execution seems to have taken place since 1863.

_Denmark_.--Sentence of death may be imposed for most forms of high
treason, aggravated cases of murder, rape and piracy. It is executed
publicly by the axe. Offenders under eighteen are not liable.

_Finland_.--In Finland the death penalty is alleged not to have been
inflicted since 1824. It may be imposed for the assassination of the
grand duke or grand duchess or the head of a friendly state, and wilful
murder of other persons.

_France_.--Under the _ancien regime_ in France, 115 crimes had become
capital in 1789. The mode of execution varied, but in some cases it was
effected by breaking on the wheel or burning, and was coupled with
mutilation. Under the Penal Code of 1810, as amended in or a