of the experimenter. Let us glance
at one or two of the cases in which the character of the experimenter
would seem to insure the fact that no conscious and voluntary fraud was
practised. A resume of a few such cases is to be found in Mr. Edward T.
Bennett's little book on _Spiritualism_, pp. 113-20.[23] I quote in
part:--

"The most notable exception to this (rule of fraud) which I am able
to quote is that of the late Mr. J. Traill Taylor, who was for a
considerable time the editor of the _British Journal of
Photography_. The following quotations are from a paper on 'Spirit
Photography' by Mr. Taylor. It was originally read before the
London and Provincial Photographic Association in March, 1893, and
was reprinted in the _British Journal of Photography_ for March
26th, 1904, shortly after Mr. Taylor's death. He says:--

"'Spirit photography, so called, has of late been asserting its
existence in such a manner and to such an extent as to warrant
competent men in making an investigation, conducted under stringent
test conditions, into the circumstances under which such
photographs are produced, and exposing the fraud should it prove to
be such, instead of pooh-poohing it as insensate because we do not
understand how it can be otherwise--a position that scarcely
commends itself as intelligent or philosophical. If, in what
follows, I call it "spirit photography," instead of psychic
photography, it is only in deference to a nomenclature that
extensively prevails.... I approach the subject merely as a
photographer.'

"Mr. Taylor then gives a history of the earlier manifestations of
spirit photography, and goes on to explain how striking phenomena
in photographing what is invisible to the eye may be produced by
the agency of florescence. He quotes the demonstration of Dr.
Gladstone, F.R.S., at the Bradford meeting of the British
Association in 1873, showing that invisible drawings on white cards
have produced bold and clear photographs when no eye could see the
drawings themselves. Hence, as Mr. Taylor says: 'The photographing
of an invisible image is not scientifically impossible.'

"Mr. Taylor then proceeds to describe some personal experiments. He
says: 'For several years I have experienced a strong desire to
ascertain by personal investigation the amount of tru