Perseus.
The war was brought to a speedy end by the battle of PYDNA, on the
Thermaic Gulf, June 22. The king fled to Samothrace with his treasures
and family. He was shortly afterwards captured, but was treated with
kindness by the Consul.

Paullus now travelled through Greece. Later, assisted by commissioners,
he arranged the affairs of Macedonia. The country was divided into
four small republics, independent of each other, but prohibited from
intermarriage and commerce with one another.

On his return to Rome in 167, he enjoyed a triumph, which was graced
by Perseus and his three children. He was Censor in 164, and died four
years later.

Paullus had two sons by his first wife. The elder of these was adopted
by Fabius Maximus Cunctator, the younger by the son of Africanus the
elder, his brother-in-law. He was of the "blue" blood of Rome, of
perfect honesty, and very popular, a good general, but somewhat
superstitious. A patron of learning and the fine arts, he gave his sons
the best training under Greek masters. A strong proof of his popularity
is the fact that his body was carried to its last resting place by
volunteers from the various peoples he had conquered.

Perseus spent his last days in confinement near Rome, enduring, it is
alleged, base and cruel treatment. He was the last king of Macedonia.

After the victory at Pydna, the sympathy shown in Greece for the
conquered monarch made the Romans more watchful of her interests there.
All suspected to be enemies were removed as hostages to Italy, and among
these was the historian POLYBIUS. He lived in Rome for more than twenty
years, and became a great friend of the younger Africanus, whom he
accompanied to the siege of Carthage.

Like Macedonia, Greece was separated into parts, independent of
each other, with no rights of _connubium_ or _commercium_. Utter
demoralization soon ensued, which proved a sure preventive to all
alliances liable to shake the authority of Rome.

Trouble again arose in Macedonia twenty years after Pydna, culminating
in what is sometimes called the FOURTH MACEDONIAN WAR (149-146). Under
the leadership of ANDRISCUS, who claimed to be a son of Perseus, the
people rebelled against the protection of Rome. They were twice defeated
in 148 by the praetor QUINTUS CAECILIUS METELLUS, who gained the agnomen
of MACEDONICUS. The country was made a Roman province, with a Roman
magistrate at its head.

At this time the Achaeans were quarrelling