bstances, relations, general ideas._ 6.
_Ideas of reflexion._ 7. _Memory and imagination imperfectly defined.
Ideal presence. Memorandum-rings._ II. 1. _Irritative ideas.
Perception._ 2. _Sensitive ideas, imagination._ 3. _Voluntary ideas,
recollection._ 4. _Associated ideas, suggestion._ III. 1. _Definitions
of perception, memory._ 2. _Reasoning, judgment, doubting,
distinguishing, comparing._ 3. _Invention._ 4. _Consciousness._ 5.
_Identity._ 6. _Lapse of time._ 7. _Free-will._

I. 1. As the constituent elements of the material world are only
perceptible to our organs of sense in a state of combination; it follows,
that the ideas or sensual motions excited by them, are never received
singly, but ever with a greater or less degree of combination. So the
colours of bodies or their hardnesses occur with their figures: every smell
and taste has its degree of pungency as well as its peculiar flavour: and
each note in music is combined with the tone of some instrument. It appears
from hence, that we can be sensible of a number of ideas at the same time,
such as the whiteness, hardness, and coldness, of a snow-ball, and can
experience at the same time many irritative ideas of surrounding bodies,
which we do not attend to, as mentioned in Section VII. 3. 2. But those
ideas which belong to the same sense, seem to be more easily combined into
synchronous tribes, than those which were not received by the same sense,
as we can more easily think of the whiteness and figure of a lump of sugar
at the same time, than the whiteness and sweetness of it.

2. As these ideas, or sensual motions, are thus excited with greater or
less degrees of combination; so we have a power, when we repeat them either
by our volition or sensation, to increase or diminish this degree of
combination, that is, to form compounded ideas from those, which were more
simple; and abstract ones from those, which were more complex, when they
were first excited; that is, we can repeat a part or the whole of those
sensual motions, which did constitute our ideas of perception; and the
repetition of which now constitutes our ideas of recollection, or of
imagination.

3. Those ideas, which we repeat without change of the quantity of that
combination, with which we first received them, are called complex ideas,
as when you recollect Westminster Abbey, or the planet Saturn: but it must
be observed, that these complex ideas, thus re-excited by