Agents | 18,523 |
| Clerks, salesmen, and accountants in stores | 445,513 |
| Commercial travellers, hucksters, and peddlers | 81,649 |
| Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc. | 177,586 |
| Sailors, steamboat-men, canal-men, pilots, and watermen | 100,902 |
| Apprentices | 44,170 |
| Blacksmiths | 172,726 |
| Fishermen and oystermen | 41,352 |
| Lumbermen, raftsmen, and wood-choppers | 43,382 |
| Photographers | 9,990 |
| Saw-mill operatives | 77,050 |
| Tailors, tailoresses, milliners, and dressmakers | 419,157 |
| +----------+
| Total |1,632,000 |
+---------------------------------------------------------+----------+

There are a great many other occupations in the list[4] from which these
items are taken which might properly be included in the above, as the
combination which does or can exist in them it is almost certain is of
no practical importance. On the other hand, however, our total of
5,647,368 takes no account of the persons interested in trade,
transportation, or manufacturing through holding the shares or bonds of
incorporated companies; also the errors and omissions of the census are
so great in any event that only broad and general statements can be
based upon them. Deducting, then, from the total of 5,647,368 the
1,632,000, which we found to be surely not interested in monopolies, we
have about four million persons as the utmost number who are benefited
by the profits of the monopolies which we have thus far considered. But
let us look into this a little farther. As we have already stated, the
monopolies of trade are generally unable to raise prices far above their
normal rate. In retail trade, especially, competition shows great
tenacity of life. Also with regard to labor monopolies, it is true, as
we have already stated, that the limits of their operation are pretty
closely defined; even the men in the highest grades of skilled labor
cannot secure for each workman by any combination more than two or
three dollars per day over what he would receive