dirty trick. Precisely the same trick prevails in the
mysteries of savage peoples. Mr. Winwood Reade {40b} reports the
evidence of Mongilomba. When initiated, Mongilomba was 'severely flogged
in the Fetich House' (as young Spartans were flogged before the animated
image of Artemis), and then he was 'plastered over with goat-dung.' Among
the natives of Victoria, {40c} the 'body of the initiated is bedaubed
with clay, mud, charcoal powder, and filth of every kind.' The girls are
plastered with charcoal powder and white clay, answering to the Greek
gypsum. Similar daubings were performed at the mysteries by the Mandans,
as described by Catlin; and the Zunis made raids on Mr. Cushing's black
paint and Chinese ink for like purposes. On the Congo, Mr. Johnson found
precisely the same ritual in the initiations. Here, then, not to
multiply examples, we discover two singular features in common between
Greek and savage mysteries. Both Greeks and savages employ the
bull-roarer, both bedaub the initiated with dirt or with white paint or
chalk. As to the meaning of the latter very un-Aryan practice, one has
no idea. It is only certain that war parties of Australian blacks bedaub
themselves with white clay to alarm their enemies in night attacks. The
Phocians, according to Herodotus (viii. 27), adopted the same 'aisy
stratagem,' as Captain Costigan has it. Tellies, the medicine-man
([Greek]), chalked some sixty Phocians, whom he sent to make a night
attack on the Thessalians. The sentinels of the latter were seized with
supernatural horror, and fled, 'and after the sentinels went the army.'
In the same way, in a night attack among the Australian Kurnai, {41a}
'they all rapidly painted themselves with pipe-clay: red ochre is no use,
it cannot frighten an enemy.' If, then, Greeks in the historic period
kept up Australian tactics, it is probable that the ancient mysteries of
Greece might retain the habit of daubing the initiated which occurs in
savage rites.

'Come now,' as Herodotus would say, 'I will show once more that the
mysteries of the Greeks resemble those of Bushmen.' In Lucian's Treatise
on Dancing, {41b} we read, 'I pass over the fact that you cannot find a
single ancient mystery in which there is not dancing. . . . To prove this
I will not mention the secret acts of worship, on account of the
uninitiated. But this much all men know, that most people say of those
who reveal the mysteries, that they "dance the