after they have
| | |been planted and
| | |become established. The
| | |species can be increased by
| | |seeds, which are obtained
| | |by gathering the fruits
| | |when ripe, and mixing them
| | |with sand. The mixture of
| | |fruits and sand should then
| | |be put in a heap in a
| | |sheltered place
| | |out-of-doors, and covered
| | |with a few turfs. By the
| | |following spring the fruits
| | |will have rotted, and the
| | |seeds can be separated and
| | |sown. A fair proportion
| | |will germinate the first
| | |year, and the remainder
| | |the second. Many of the
| | |Thorns can also be
| | |propagated by root
| | |cuttings. For this purpose
| | |healthy, vigorous shoots,
| | |as thick as a man's finger,
| | |should be obtained in
| | |autumn or winter, and cut
| | |into pieces four inches to
| | |eight inches in length,
| | |cutting the end nearest the
| | |stem flat, and the other
| | |slanting, so that either
| | |end can be readily
| | |distinguished. These should
| | |be inse