by even laymen unacquainted with
financial or corporation affairs, will clearly show that the foundation
of this transaction was _The Bank's_ putting in jeopardy $3,300 of "B's"
deposited $10,000, and that if the $3,300, after being put in jeopardy,
had been lost, "B" would have been the loser,[2] which, in turn, means
that the compensation for the jeopardy in which the $3,300 was placed
was the possibility of $6,700 profit; and that, therefore, the $6,700
profit when made should have gone to the owner of the $3,300, "B,"
instead of to "C," the user of it.

It is therefore in this sense that I shall use the term "made
dollars"--wherever they are "made" or "unmade" through one set of men
using the dollars of another set of men without that other set knowing
that their dollars are being so used; and wherever the result of such
use is that when dollars are "made," they are "made" by the ones who use
others' money, and where dollars are "unmade," they are lost by the ones
who own the dollars which they don't know are being used.

FOOTNOTES:

[2] I say "B" would have been the loser because all money lost by a bank
must eventually be lost by the depositors, the people, or the surplus or
capital of the bank which belongs to the people, through their ownership of
the stock in the bank. Of course the loss of individual amounts such as
$3,300 would not come directly on the people. But when the aggregate of the
money put in jeopardy by the four classes of institutions I name--national
banks, savings-banks, trusts, and insurance companies--runs into billions
and is lost, the loss _must_ fall on the people, because the only other
ones involved are the managers and controllers of these institutions, who
always see to it that when the losses which would wreck the bank are
actually made, they, the managers and controllers, have no deposits and
none of the stock.

CHAPTER VI

CONSTRUCTION OF "STANDARD OIL'S" "DOLLAR-MAKING" MILL

I believe "Standard Oil" was the first to utilize this secret device for
circumventing the safeguards which the law has erected to protect the
savings of the people. It was the first practically to apprehend that, a
large proportion of all the moneys in circulation, which belong to the
people or the Government, being in the custody of the national and
savings-banks and trust and insurance companies, it would only be
necessary for a set of men to obtain control of sufficient of the
principal nati