ut cane or umbrella through noose
and twist up the slack very tight, so as to compress the main artery
with knot._

_Rule 3.--Keep limb and patient warm with hot-water bottles till
surgeon arrives._

This treatment is of course only a temporary expedient, as it is
essential for a surgeon to tie the bleeding vessel itself; therefore a
medical man should be summoned with all dispatch.

=BLEEDING FROM VEIN; STEADY FLOW OF DARK BLOOD.=

_First Aid Rule 1.--Make firm pressure with pad of cloth directly over
wound, also with hands between wound and extremity, that is, on side
of cut away from the heart._

_Rule 2.--Tie tight bandage about limb at this point, with rubber
tubing or suspenders._

_Rule 3.--Keep limb and patient warm with hot-water bottles till
surgeon arrives._

In the cases of bleeding from a vein, the flow of blood is continuous,
and is of a dark, red hue, and does not spurt in jets, as from an
artery. This kind of bleeding is not usually difficult to stop, and it
is not necessary that the vein itself be tied--unless very
large--provided that the wound be snugly bandaged after it is dressed.
After the first half hour, release the limb and see if the bleeding
has stopped. If so, and the circulation is being interfered with,
owing to the tightness of the bandage, reapply the bandage more
loosely.

In the case of an injured artery of any considerable size, the amount
of pressure required to stop the bleeding will arrest all circulation
of blood in the limb, so that great damage, as well as pain, will
ensue if it be continued more than an hour or two, and during this
time the limb should be kept warm by thick covering and hot-water
bags, if they can be obtained.

Bleeding _from a deep puncture_ may be stopped by plugging the cavity
with strips of muslin which have been boiled, or with absorbent
cotton, similarly treated, keeping the plug in place by snug
bandaging.

=BLEEDING FROM PUNCTURED WOUND.=

_First Aid Rule 1.--Extract pin, tack, nail, splinter, thorn, or
bullet, IF YOU CAN SEE BULLET; do not probe._

_Rule 2.--Pour warm water on wound and squeeze tissue to encourage
bleeding. Send for small hard-rubber syringe._

_Rule 3.--If deep, plug it with absorbent cotton, and put tight
bandage over plug. If shallow, cover with absorbent cotton wet with
boric-acid solution (one dram to one-half pint of water), or
carbolic-acid solution (one teaspoonful to the pint of hot water)._

_Rule 4.--