26

IV. THE DISCOVERY AND EARLY HISTORY OF BRAZIL 36

V. THE CONQUEST OF PERU 47

VI. SPANIARD AND NATIVE 56

VII. THE COLONIZATION OF THE SOUTH 64

VIII. THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SOUTH AMERICAN COLONIES 74

IX. FOREIGN RAIDS ON THE SPANISH COLONIES 83

X. FOREIGN RAIDS ON PORTUGUESE COLONIES 95

XI. THE COLONY OF PERU 110

XII. THE COLONY OF CHILE 121

XIII. THE COLONIES OF PARAGUAY AND THE RIVER PLATE 130

XIV. THE NORTHERN COLONIES 142

XV. THE LAST DAYS OF EMPIRE 151

XVI. THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE--I 159

XVII. THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE--II 176

XVIII. BRAZIL: FROM COLONY TO EMPIRE 185

XIX. THE EMPIRE OF BRAZIL 201

XX. FROM EMPIRE TO REPUBLIC 211

XXI. MODERN BRAZIL 220

XXII. THE INDEPENDENCE OF SPANISH AMERICA 228

XXIII. THE REPUBLIC OF PERU 237

XXIV. THE REPUBLIC OF PARAGUAY 245

XXV. THE PARAGUAYAN WAR 255

XXVI. THE REPUBLIC OF CHILE 264

XXVII. THE REPUBLICS OF THE RIVER PLATE 272

XXVIII. THE NORTHERN REPUBLICS 283

INDEX 295

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PRINTED SEPARATELY FROM THE TEXT.

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS _Frontispiece_

TO FACE PAGE

MANCO-CAPAC COLLECTING HIS PEOPLE FOR THE WORK OF BUILDING
THE CITY OF CUZCO 5

DIEGO DE ALMAGRO 12

JORGE CABRAL 16

COLUMBUS LANDING IN AMERICA 37

VASCO DA GAMA 44

THE DEFEAT OF THE PERUVIANS OUTSIDE CUZCO 49

PIZARRO AND ATAHUALPA 53

DEATH OF ATAHUALPA