t Palenque--Other ruins in Tobasco and Chiapas--Ruins in
Yucatan--Uxmal--The Governor's House--The Nunnery--Room in
Nunnery--The Sculptured Facades--Temple at
Uxmal--Kabah--Zayi--Labna--Labphak--Chichen-Itza--The Nunnery--The
Castillo--The Gymnasium--M. Le Plongon's researches--The tradition of
the Three Brothers--Chaac-Mal--Antiquity of Chichen-Itza.

Chapter XV. THE CULTURE OF THE CIVILIZED TRIBES.

Different views on this question--Reasons for the same--Their
architecture--Different styles of houses--The communal house--The
teepan--The teocalli--State of society indicated by this
architecture--The gens among the Mexicans--The phratry among the
Mexicans--The tribe--The powers and duties of the council--The head
chiefs of the tribe--The duties of the "Chief-of-men"--The mistake
of the Spaniards--The Confederacy--The idea of property among the
Mexicans--The ownership of land--Their laws--Enforcement of the
laws--Outline of the growth of the Mexicans in power--Their tribute
system--How collected--Their system of trade--Slight knowledge
of metallurgy--Religion--Quetzalcohuatl--Huitzilopochtli--Mexican
priesthood--Human sacrifice--The system of Numeration--The calendar
system--The Calendar Stone--Picture-writing--Landa Alphabet--Historical
outline.

Chapter XVI. ANCIENT PERU.

First knowledge of Peru--Expeditions of Pizarro--Geography of Peru--But
a small part of it inhabitable--The tribes of ancient Peru--How
classified--Sources of our knowledge of Peru--Garcillaso De La
Vega--Origin of Peruvian civilization--The Bolson of
Cuzco--Historical outline--Their culture--Divided into phratries and
gentes--Government--Efforts to unite the various tribes--Their system
of colonies--The roads of the Incas--The ruins of Chimu--The arts of the
Chimu people--The manufacture of Pottery--Excavation at Ancon--Ruins
in the Huatica Valley--The construction of a Huaca--The ruins
at Pachacamac--The Valley of the Canete--The Chincha
Islands--Tiahuanuco--Carved gateway--The Island of
Titicaca--Chulpas--Aboriginal Cuzco--Temple of the Sun--The
Fortress--General remarks.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

1. Pyramids and Sphinx.
2. Paleozoic Forest.
3. The Pterodactyl.
4. Ichthyosauri.
5. The Labyrinthodon.
6. The Paleotherium.
7. Miocene Mammals.
8. Cut Bones of a Whale.
9. Mastodon.
10. Map of Europe.
11. Scratched Stone.
12. Interglacial Bed.
13. Paleolithic Flint