ls. In the double columbine (_Aquilegia
vulgaris_), the successive whorls of stamens are converted into
cornucopias, which are enclosed within each other and resemble the petals.
In hose-and-hose flowers the sepals mock the petals. In some cases the
flowers and leaves vary together in tint: in all the varieties of the
common pea, which have purple flowers, a purple mark may be seen on the
stipules. In other cases the leaves and fruit and seeds vary together in
colour, as in a curious pale-leaved variety of the sycamore, which has
recently been described in France,[826] and as in the purple-leaved hazel,
in which the leaves, the husk of the nut, and the pellicle round the kernel
are all coloured purple.[827] Pomologists can predict to a certain extent,
from the size and appearance of the leaves of their seedlings, the probable
nature of the fruit; for, as Van Mons remarks,[828] variations in the
leaves are generally accompanied by some modification in the flower, and
consequently in the fruit. In the Serpent melon, which has a narrow
tortuous fruit above a yard in length, the stem of the plant, the peduncle
of the female flower, and the middle lobe of the leaf, are all elongated in
a remarkable manner. On the other hand, several varieties of Cucurbita,
which have dwarfed stems, all produce, as Naudin remarks with surprise,
leaves of the same peculiar shape. Mr. G. Maw informs me that all the
varieties of the scarlet Pelargoniums which have contracted or imperfect
leaves have contracted flowers: the difference between {331} "Brilliant"
and its parent "Tom Thumb" is a good instance of this. It may be suspected
that the curious case described by Risso,[829] of a variety of the Orange
which produces on the young shoots rounded leaves with winged petioles, and
afterwards elongated leaves on long but wingless petioles, is connected
with the remarkable change in form and nature which the fruit undergoes
during its development.

In the following instance we have the colour and form of the petals
apparently correlated, and both dependent on the nature of the season. An
observer, skilled in the subject, writes,[830] "I noticed, during the year
1842, that every Dahlia, of which the colour had any tendency to scarlet,
was deeply notched--indeed to so great an extent as to give the petals the
appearance of a saw; the indentures were, in some instances, more than a
quarter of an inch deep." Again, Dahlias which have their petals tipped