est.)

Natural hazards:
severe droughts; devastating cyclones and floods in central and
southern provinces

Environment - current issues:
a long civil war and recurrent drought in the hinterlands have
resulted in increased migration of the population to urban and
coastal areas with adverse environmental consequences;
desertification; pollution of surface and coastal waters; elephant
poaching for ivory is a problem

Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto
Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law
of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geography - note:
the Zambezi flows through the north-central and most fertile part
of the country

People Mozambique

Population:
19,406,703
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the
effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower
life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected; the 1997
Mozambican census reported a population of 16,099,246 (July 2005
est.)

Age structure:
0-14 years: 43.1% (male 4,206,654/female 4,157,898)
15-64 years: 54.1% (male 5,088,250/female 5,416,573)
65 years and over: 2.8% (male 224,682/female 312,646) (2005 est.)

Median age:
total: 18.29 years
male: 17.74 years
female: 18.83 years (2005 est.)

Population growth rate:
1.48% (2005 est.)

Birth rate:
35.79 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Death rate:
20.99 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Net migration rate:
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)

Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female
total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2005 est.)

Infant mortality rate:
total: 130.79 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 135.91 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 125.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 40.32 years
male: 39.9 years
female: 40.75 years (2005 est.)

Total fertility rate:
4.7 children born/woman (2005 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
12.2% (2003 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
1.3 m