production growth rate:
2.2% (2004 est.)

Electricity - production:
560 billion kWh (2003)

Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 61.8%
hydro: 4.2%
nuclear: 29.9%
other: 4.1% (2001)

Electricity - consumption:
519.5 billion kWh (2003)

Electricity - exports:
53.8 billion kWh (2003)

Electricity - imports:
45.8 billion kWh (2003)

Oil - production:
74,100 bbl/day (2003)

Oil - consumption:
2.891 million bbl/day (2003)

Oil - exports:
12,990 bbl/day (2003)

Oil - imports:
2.135 million bbl/day (2003)

Oil - proved reserves:
395.8 million bbl (1 January 2004)

Natural gas - production:
21 billion cu m (2003)

Natural gas - consumption:
99.55 billion cu m (2003)

Natural gas - exports:
7.731 billion cu m (2003)

Natural gas - imports:
85.02 billion cu m (2003)

Natural gas - proved reserves:
293 billion cu m (1 January 2004)

Current account balance:
$73.59 billion (2004 est.)

Exports:
$893.3 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Exports - commodities:
machinery, vehicles, chemicals, metals and manufactures,
foodstuffs, textiles

Exports - partners:
France 10.3%, US 8.8%, UK 8.3%, Italy 7.2%, Netherlands 6.2%,
Belgium 5.6%, Austria 5.4%, Spain 5% (2004)

Imports:
$716.7 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

Imports - commodities:
machinery, vehicles, chemicals, foodstuffs, textiles, metals

Imports - partners:
France 9%, Netherlands 8.3%, US 7%, Italy 6.1%, UK 5.9%, China
5.6%, Belgium 4.9%, Austria 4.2% (2004)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$96.84 billion (2003)

Debt - external:
NA

Economic aid - donor:
ODA, $5.6 billion (1998)

Currency (code):
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Currency code:
EUR

Exchange rates:
euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002),
1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)

Fiscal year:
calendar year

Communications Germany

Telephones - main lines in use:
54.35 million (2003)

Telephones - mobile cellular:
64.8 million (2003)

Telephone system:
general assessment: Germany has one of the world's most
technologically advanced telecommunications systems; as a result of
intensive capital e