Tennessee, an earthen pitcher, holding a gallon, was discovered on a
rock twenty feet below the surface. It was surmounted by the figure of
a female head covered with a conical cap. The features greatly
resembled those of Asiatics, and the ears, extending as low as the chin,
were of great size. Near the Cumberland River an idol formed of clay
was found about four feet below the surface of the earth. It is of
curious construction, consisting of three hollow heads joined together
at the back by an inverted bell-shaped hollow stem. This specimen also
has strongly-marked Asiatic features; the red and yellow colour with
which it is ornamented still retaining great brilliancy. Another idol,
formed of clay and gypsum, was discovered near Nashville. It
represented a human being without arms. The hair was plaited, and there
was a band round the head with a flattened lump or cake upon the summit.
Numerous medals, also, have been dug up, representing the sun, with its
rays of light, together with utensils and ornaments of copper, sometimes
plated with silver; and a solid silver cup, with its surface smooth and
regular, and its interior finely gilt.

But besides these, and very many similar articles, throughout the whole
country, and especially towards the west, immense numbers of fortresses
of great size have been discovered, with walls of earth, some of them
ten feet in height, and thirty in breadth. There is a vast fortress in
Ohio, near the town of Newark. It is situated on an extensive plain, at
the junction of two branches of the Muskingum. At the western extremity
of the work stood a circular fort, containing twenty-two acres, on one
side of which was an elevation thirty feet high, partly of earth and
partly of stone. The circular fort was connected by walls of earth with
an octagonal fort containing forty acres, the walls of which were ten
feet high. At this end were eight openings or gateways about fifteen
feet in width, each protected by a mound of earth on the inside. From
thence four parallel walls of earth proceeded to the basin of the
harbour, others extending several miles into the country, and others on
the east joined to a square fort containing twenty acres, not four miles
distant. From this latter fort parallel walls extended to the harbour,
and others to another circular fort one mile and a half distant,
containing twenty-six acres, and surrounded by an embankment from
twenty-five to thirty feet h