the throne on the death of
her uncle, William IV, 1837. Married to Prince Albert of Saxe-Cobourg
1840. =Index=: =Sy= Accession of, 48. =Md= Selects Ottawa (Bytown) as
seat of government, 85; jubilee address to, 283. =Bib.=: Works: _Leaves
from a Journal of our Life in the Highlands_; _Letters of Queen
Victoria_; _Royal Correspondence_. For biog., _see_ Fawcett, _Life of
Queen Victoria_; Gurney, _Childhood of Queen Victoria_; Holmes, _Queen
Victoria_ Lee, _Queen Victoria: a Biography_; Oliphant, _Queen Victoria:
a Personal Sketch_.

=Victoria.= Capital of British Columbia, and formerly capital of the
colony of Vancouver Island. Founded in 1843 as Fort Camosun, afterwards
Fort Victoria, the latter name in honour of the queen. The city was
incorporated in 1862, and the old fort finally demolished, 1864.
=Index=: =D= Founded by James Douglas in 1843, 146; built on site of
Indian village, known as Camosun, 175; McNeill's exploration, 1837, 176;
Sir George Simpson's approval of the site, 176; Douglas examines
locality, 1842, and reports favourably, 176; establishment of fort at
Camosun approved, 176; advantages of the site, 177; Douglas sails, March
1, 1843, from Fort Vancouver with an expedition to establish the post,
177; lands at Clover Point, 177; site selected and building operations
begun, 178; fort and stockade completed, 179; Charles Ross in command
with Roderick Finlayson as assistant, 180; natives attack the fort, 182;
early shipping, 183; name of port changed to Fort Victoria, 183; visit
of frigate _America_, 183; American whalers touch at, for supplies, 184;
H.M.S. _Constance_ arrives at Esquimalt, 184; visit of frigate
_Fisguard_, 184; surveying ships _Herald_ and _Pandora_, 184; trade
gravitating from Fort Vancouver to Victoria, 184; farming operations,
185; dairying, 185; supplying Russian ports, 186; momentous events of
1849, final removal of chief emporium of company from Fort Vancouver to
Victoria, 188; Helmcken, afterwards Douglas's son-in-law, arrives, 189;
effect of gold discoveries, 189-190; coal mining, 190-191; the Hudson's
Bay Company and colonization, 192-195; early settlers of, 196-197; town
laid out in streets, 1852, 198; population in 1853, 198; during the gold
fever, 224-225; gold-miners boom the town, 225; population rises and
falls with the fortunes of the gold-fields, 271; proposed waterworks,
building of wagon roads, education, first newspaper, _British Colonist_,
1858, 271. =Bib.=: Walbran,