he Rising in Red River Settlement_ (Man. Hist. and
Sc. Soc., 1882); Denison, _Reminiscences of the Rebellion of 1869_ and
_Soldiering in Canada_.

=Riel Rebellion=, 1885. The land question, which had given rise to the
Red River Rebellion of 1869-1870, was also responsible for the
Saskatchewan Rebellion of 1885. The government had neglected to issue
patents to the half-breeds on the Saskatchewan, and they became
convinced that their lands would be taken from them. Riel was sent for,
and an agitation worked up, at first along peaceful lines, but rapidly
moving towards violence. Riel finally threw discretion to the winds, and
deliberately inflamed not only the half-breeds, but also the western
tribes. A small detachment of Mounted Police and volunteers was attacked
at Duck Lake, and the government at Ottawa, hitherto indifferent, awoke
to the seriousness of the situation. A force was organized, and sent
west under General Middleton. Middleton divided his force into three
columns; one under General Strange, to operate against Big Bear in the
neighbourhood of Edmonton; the second under Colonel Otter, to relieve
Battleford, which was threatened by Poundmaker; and the third, of which
he himself took command, to relieve Prince Albert. Middleton met the
rebels at Fish Creek, and experienced a stubborn resistance, but drove
them back to Batoche. Here Riel and his men held the troops at bay for
three days, but were finally routed and scattered. Meanwhile Otter had
encountered Poundmaker at Cut Knife Creek, and after a desperate fight
had been forced to retreat. In the far west, Strange had a similar
experience with Big Bear, but finally drove him to the north. Big Bear
gave himself up; Poundmaker and Riel were captured, and the latter paid
the penalty of his crimes on the scaffold. =Index=: _See also_ Riel.
=Bib.=: Boulton, _Reminiscences of the North-West Rebellions_; _Report
upon the Suppression of the Rebellion in the North-West_; Denison,
_Soldiering in Canada_.

=Ripon, Frederick John Robinson, Earl of= (1782-1859). Born in London.
Educated at Harrow and Cambridge. In 1806 entered Parliament; in 1809
appointed under-secretary for the colonies; in 1810 lord of the
Admiralty; in 1812 a member of the Privy Council; and paymaster-general
of the forces, 1813-1817. Appointed chancellor of the exchequer, 1823,
and introduced various fiscal reforms. In 1827 created Viscount
Goderich; and became leader of the House of Lords and prime