s possible from the material put in her hands. If she takes one who is
dangerous to society, and works in him an entire reform, she
accomplishes a work in comparison with which gold and silver will weigh
but little. Making men is the high mission of the prison, and the State
can not be regarded as having performed anything like her whole duty,
till she has used every feasible means to this great end.

The duty of the State to the prisoner is performed by securing to him
what he needs in his corporeal, mental, moral and religious departments.

If she withholds in any of these, so far she becomes delinquent towards
the imprisoned, a violator of his rights just as really as he had been a
violator of others' rights when in his wild career of sinning.

More than this. In such withholding she becomes chargeable with real
cruelty. For she has put the man in a state where he can not supply his
own needs, and, if she neglects them, he must suffer. This is surely a
grave matter, one which should be looked to with the utmost care;--a
place where the State can afford to be highly generous rather than
expose herself to a suspicion of such a wrong.

What are the proper means of reform?

Among these will be found, the State guardianship, the labor system,
strict discipline, kind treatment, stimulating hope, mental, moral and
religious culture.

The State guardianship will tend to form in the convict the habit of
duly regarding the rights of others and of looking up, with respect, to
wise and beneficent direction; the labor system, that of uniform
industry, of profitably employing the time instead of in idle
indulgencies; strict discipline, that of cheerful submission to
wholesome rules, regardful of the principles of right. Kind treatment
will tend to inspire the recipients with confidence in the sincerity of
the reform efforts used, trust in the proffered friendship, and an
assurance of success in struggles for good. Stimulating hope will rouse
the better nature to action and secure confidence in overseers.
Cultivating the intellect will prepare one intelligently to conduct
himself in the affairs of life, and open to him sources of satisfaction
far above those of his former life. Moral culture will arouse
controlling ideas of the bounds of human rights, and the importance of
observing them. The religious cultivation, having been made through deep
conviction of sin, resulting in a hatred to wrong and a love for good,
will lay a